Geological conditions for the development of geothermal energy in Azerbaijan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24028/gj.v46i3.306353Keywords:
thermal waters, energy potential, low temperatures, chemical composition, Lumped modelingAbstract
The article considered the thermal waters existing in Azerbaijan, the prospects for their use, business opportunities and other issues. Forecast operational reserves of thermal waters in the Republic, renewable energy potential of Azerbaijan, including the share of renewable energy in Azerbaijan in 2020 are reflected here. Thus, there are a large number of closed and unused exploration wells that can be restored and used to generate geothermal energy with less investment. Now the main goal is to determine the optimal location for drilling wells with a higher geothermal potential and the problems of using this energy. Thermal waters with different chemical composition and mineralization in Azerbaijan are predominantly common in the fold regions of the Caucasus and Talysh Mountains and have significant reserves. As a result of research conducted on more than 1,000 thermal water sources in Azerbaijan, it was determined that the total reserve of thermal water is more than 245´103 m3/day. The main discharge paths of these waters are tectonic faults of different directions and amplitudes. The gas content of the thermal water sources of the Greater Caucasus and Talysh mountains are methane, nitrogen, hydrogen-sulfur mixture, and the content of the Lesser Caucasus’ are mainly carbon dioxide. Methane waters are usually high-pressure and high-flow, and high-temperature (64—95 °C). The number of sources containing methane is up to 200. Such sources include Masalli (Arkivan), Devechi (Ledzh), Salyan (Babazanan) and others. Sources of nitrogen are found in the southern part of the Greater Caucasus and in Talysh. These include both cold (14—180 °С) and hot (41—550 °С) springs. The highest nitrogen content among them is Alasha — 100 % (Astara), Meshesu 100 % (Lankaran), Ledzh — 37 %, Khaltan — 88 % (Devechi).
Besides (in addition), in the article the recent use of low-potential geothermal energy, the issues of application of new technologies in the development and management of geothermal resources also reviewed.
References
Aliyev, S.A., Gasanov, A.G., & Aliyeva, Z.A. (1984). Gyrmyzy Kemur (Red Coal). Baku: Ganjlik, 87 p. (in Azerbaijani).
Askerov, A.G. (1954). Mineral springs of the Azerbaijan SSR. Baku: ASU, 335 p. (in Russian).
Axelsson, G. (2013). Dynamic modelling of geothermal systems. Proceedings, Short Course V on Conceptual Modelling of Geo-thermal Sys¬tems, organized by UNU-GTP and LaGeo. Santa Tecla, El Salvador, 21 p.
Axelsson, G., & Egilson, Th. (2013). Re-assessment of the production capacity of the geothermal systems at Botn, Laugaland, Ytri-Tjarnir, Gle¬rárdalur, Thelamörk and Hjalteyri in Eyjafjördur, Iceland. GeoSurvey report ÍSOR-2013/052, Reykjavík, 58 p.
Axelsson, G., & Gunnlaugsson, E. (2000). Long-term monitoring of high and low-enthalpy fields under exploitation. International Geothermal Association, World Geothermal Congress 2000 Short Course, Kokonoe, Kyushu District, Japan, 226 p.
Israfilov, Yu.G. & Israfilov, R.G. (2014). About genesis of thermal waters of Azerbaijan. ANAS Transactions Earth Sciences, (1), 58—64.
Kashkay, M.A. (1952). Geology of Azerbaijan. Part II. Petrography. Baku: Publ. House of the Academy of Sciences of the Azer-baijan SSR (in Russian).
Khutorskoy, M.D., Kerimov, V.Yu., & Kosyanov, V.A. (2021). Renewable and unconventional energy — global and domestic development trends. Moscow: Publ. House of the Sergo Ordjonikidze Russian State Geological Exploration University, 175 p. (in Russian).
Mamedova, E.A. (2008). Hydrogeological research methods. Baku, 248 p. (in Azerbaijani).
Mamedova, E.A. (2003). Water supply and me¬lıo¬ratıve hydrogeology. Baku, 229 p. (in Azerbaijani).
Mammadova, A.V. (2016). Geothermal energy potential of the Pliocene complex of the Absheron Peninsula. PhD thesis. Baku, 133 p. (in Azerbaijani).
Mukhtarov, A.Sh. (2004). Thermal field of the Caspian Sea. In Geology of the regions of the Caspian and Aral seas (pp. 195—200). Almaty: Kazakhstan Geological Society «KazGEO» (in Russian).
Mukhtarov, A.Sh., Nadirov, R.S., Mammadova, A.V., & Mammadov, V.A. (2015). Geological conditions and business opportuni-ties for geothermal energy development in Azerbaijan. ANAS Transactions Earth Sciences, (3), 54—59.
O’Sullivan, M.J., Pruess, K., & Lippmann, M. J. (2001). State of the art of geothermal reservoir simulation. Geothermics, 30, 395—429. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0375-6505(01)00005-0.
Sanyal, S.K., Morrow, J.W., Jayawardena, M.S., Berrah, N., & Li, S.F. (2011). Geothermal re¬sour¬ce risk in İndonesia — a statistical in¬qui¬¬ry. Proc. of 36th Workshop on Geothermal Re¬¬servoir Engineering, Stanford University, Stan¬¬ford, California, January 31—February 2 (pp. 1—7).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 A.V. Islamzade, A.Sh. Mukhtarov
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
