Що відбувалося з ранньодокембрійськими гранулітовими комплексами Побужжя (Український щит) та поясу Лімпопо (Південна Африка) та як їх стратифікувати? Погляд тектоніста

Автор(и)

  • О.Б. Гінтов Інститут геофізики ім. С.І. Субботіна НАН України, Україна

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24028/gzh.v44i1.253711

Ключові слова:

Українский щит, Побужжя, пояс Лімпопо, архей, грануліти, тектоніка, стратиграфія, методи вивчення

Анотація

На прикладі двох гранулітових поясів — Побузького (Український щит) і поясу Лімпопо (Південна Африка) розглянуто два альтернативні підходи (стратигенно-метаморфогенний і деформаційно-метаморфогенний) до геологічного вивчення та картування найдавніших порід земної кори, метаморфізованих в РТ-умовах гранулітової фації. Показано досить хорошу кореляцію складу і ступеня метаморфізму (в тому числі динамометаморфізму) породних комплексів обох поясів і, щонайменше, триетапне їх утворення—перетворення. Процеси гранулітового метаморфізму в межах обох поясів відбувалися раніше 3,0 млрд років тому, 2,6—2,8 і близько 2,0 млрд років тому. За структурно-метаморфічними перебудовами гранулітових комплексів, формуванням їх нових структурних планів з руйнуванням попередніх (архейських) наступними (протерозойськими) не можна доказово стратифікувати архейські гранулітові комплекси на рівні світ і детальніше в межах стратигенно-метаморфогенного підходу. Для Побузького гранулітового поясу реальним є виділення тільки дністровсько-бузької і бузької серій. Один із важливих процесів розвитку поясів — деформування гірських порід в умовах стиснення і зсуву, утворення в гранулітових комплексах субвертикально-шаруватого середовища, зсувної складчастості із субвертикальними шарнірами і крилами складок. В обох поясах ці процеси почалися в неоархеї, тобто тектонічні процеси вже почали зазнавати дію механізмів тектоніки плит. Загальним для обох поясів є формування shear zone лінійного типу від мікро- до макророзмірів і накладання їх на деформаційні структури гранулітових комплексів попередніх етапів розвитку. На їх основі сформувались внутрішня структура поясів і їх взаємозв’язок із сусідніми блоками земної кори. Передбачається, що архейські чарнокітоїди і ТТГ-гранітоїди, догляду на їх геохімічну подібність і близький вік, складають єдиний структурний поверх земної кори — фундамент зеленокам’яних поясів. За мінеральним складом, РТ-умовами метаморфізму і віком порід гранулітових поясів, що визначений на підставі вивчення U—Pb, Lu—Hf, Sm—Nd ізотопних систем, ізотопного складу кисню в зернах циркону, можна дійти такого висновку — вже в еоархейській і палеоархейській мантії і корі мали бути великі об’єми речовини середнього—кислого складу, що обумовило утворення ТТГ комплексів.

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2022-04-03

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Гінтов, О. (2022). Що відбувалося з ранньодокембрійськими гранулітовими комплексами Побужжя (Український щит) та поясу Лімпопо (Південна Африка) та як їх стратифікувати? Погляд тектоніста. Геофізичний журнал, 44(1), 55–82. https://doi.org/10.24028/gzh.v44i1.253711

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