Immunohistochemical diagnosis and prognosis of small cell lung cancer: the search for new strategies

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4798.2022.253047

Keywords:

small cell lung cancer, small biopsy sample, expression of p16ink4A, CD117, pathomorphosis

Abstract

The aim: to find the optimal combination of immunohistochemical markers for differential diagnosis and prognosis of small cell lung cancer in small biopsy samples.

Materials and methods. The tumor specimens were divided into 3 groups: 1) 25 biopsy samples of small cell lung cancer before treatment; 2) 25 samples of small cell lung cancer procured from autopsies of patients, who underwent chemotherapy; 3) 15 biopsy samples of other lung tumors histologically similar to SCLC. All tumor samples were formalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE). Immunohistochemical study performed with 5 primary antibodies: CD56, p16ink4A, TTF-1, CD117, Ki-67.

Results. TTF-1 was positive in all small cell lung cancer, lung adenocarcinomas and atypical carcinoids. Expression of CD56 was positive in 100 % of tumors from 1st group and 92 % of these tumors had more than 25 % of positive tumor cells. Expression of p16ink4A was significantly higher in 1st group than in the 3rd one (р<0,001). The stepwise logistic regression was used for finding the best markers for differential diagnosis of small cell lung cancer in small biopsy samples. The next combination of markers was chosen: TTF-1/CD56 (score 2–4)/p16 ink4A/CD117 (sensitivity – 80 %; specificity – 86.67 %; р<0,001) where “score 2–4” means expression of CD56 more than in 25 % tumor cells. Expression of Ki-67 was higher in the 2nd group compared with the 1st one (р<0,001).

Conclusion. Evaluation of p16 expression can be used as additional marker for differential diagnosis of small cell lung cancer. The following combination of markers: TTF-1/CD56 (score2-4)/p16 ink4A/CD117 could be useful in diagnosis of small cell lung cancer in small biopsy samples and in the choice of targeted chemotherapy. The further study in paired tumor samples of small cell lung cancer before and after chemotherapy is required to prove the significance of changes in expression of Ki-67, CD56, CD117 and p16ink4A

Author Biographies

Irina Yakovtsova, Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department

Department of Pathological Anatomy

Olexandr Yanchevskyi, Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education

Postgraduate Student

Department of Pathological Anatomy

Taisiia Chertenko, Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education

PhD, Assistant

Department of Pathological Anatomy

Andriy Kis, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University

PhD, Associated Professor

Department of General and Clinical Pathology

Andrii Oliyinyk, Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education

PhD, Associated Professor

Department of Pathological Anatomy

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Published

2022-01-30

How to Cite

Yakovtsova, I., Yanchevskyi, O., Chertenko, T., Kis, A., & Oliyinyk, A. (2022). Immunohistochemical diagnosis and prognosis of small cell lung cancer: the search for new strategies. ScienceRise: Medical Science, (1 (46), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4798.2022.253047

Issue

No. 1 (46) (2022)

Section

Medical Science

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Copyright (c) 2022 Irina Yakovtsova, Olexandr Yanchevskyi, Taisiia Chertenko, Andriy Kis, Andrii Oliyinyk

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