Influence of forming pressure on frost resistance of ceramics

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.229172

Keywords:

ceramic materials, clay raw materials, frost resistance of ceramic materials, water absorption of ceramic products

Abstract

The object of research is low-melting clays of the Kyiv region (Ukraine). The work is devoted to the study of obtaining ceramic materials resistant to low temperatures. Frost resistance is one of the most important characteristics for regions in which ceramic materials are used with frequent temperature transitions through 0 °C. The production of frost-resistant ceramic wall materials is determined by the type of raw materials and technological production parameters. The main technological methods for increasing frost resistance are: the use of less dispersed clays; batch homogenization; formation of raw material without textural defects and prevention of cracks during drying and firing.

The work shows that the existing methods for increasing frost resistance can be implemented by reducing water absorption due to the creation of a microporous structure with predominantly closed pores by increased pressure of a semi-dry method of formation. An increase in the pressing pressure leads to an increase in the number of contacts of the molecules of the ceramic mass at the stage of formation. Due to this, the strength of the molded samples at a pressing pressure of more than 30 MPa is higher compared to samples molded by the plastic method. It was also found that an increase in the pressing pressure makes it possible to speed up the drying process of ceramic products, reducing energy consumption for their production. Due to an increase in the pressing pressure to 50 MPa, the strength of samples obtained by semi-dry pressing is 55.4 MPa, while for samples during plastic formation it is 22.9 MPa. Water absorption, on the contrary, for dry pressing is 9.3 %, while for plastic pressing it is 12.2 % at a firing temperature of 1000 °C.

It is shown that increasing the pressing pressure is an effective way to improve the quality of ceramic materials based on local low-plasticity clay raw materials. Saving natural and energy resources, developing new sources of raw materials and comprehensive improvement of products with environmental friendliness of production remain important today.

Author Biographies

Іrіna Subota, National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Chemical Technology of Ceramics and Glass

Larysa Spasonova, National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Chemical Technology of Ceramics and Glass

Аnastasia Sholom, National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»

Department of Chemical Technology of Ceramics and Glass

References

  1. European Commission. Study on the EU’s list of Critical Raw Materials (2020). Factsheets on Non-critical Raw Materials. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/raw-materials/specific-interest/critical_en
  2. Spasonova, L., Subota, І., Sholom, А. (2021). Devising technology for utilizing water treatment waste to produce ceramic building materials. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 1 (10 (109)), 14–22. doi: http://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.225256
  3. Guzman, I. Ia. (Ed.) (2003). Khimicheskaia tekhnologiia keramiki. Moscow: OOORIF «Stroimaterialy», 496.
  4. Vodopohlynannia ta morozostiikist keramohranitu (2018). Available at: https://zeusceramica.com/news/view/vodopoglinanna-ta-morozostijkist-keramogranitu
  5. Molnar, E., Rajnovic, D., Sidjanin, L., Ranogajec, J. (2003). Frost resistance characteristics and pores structure of ceramic tiles. Annals of the Faculty of Engineering Hunedoara, 1 (3), 155–161.
  6. Piddubnyi, S. V., Tatarchenko, H. О., Sokolenko, V. М. (2020). Express Method for the Evaluation of the Frost Resistance of Silicate Building Materials. Materials Science, 56 (2), 240–246. doi: http://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-020-00422-0
  7. Ranogajec, J., Mesaros, A., Kermeci, P., Radeka, M., Vojnic, S. (2004). Microstructural Approach to Frost Resistance of Ceramic Roofing Tiles. Key Engineering Materials, 264-268, 1577–1580. doi: http://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.264-268.1577
  8. Mačiulaitis, R., Kičaite, A., Nagrockiene, D., Kudabiene, G. (2004). Evaluation of service frost resistance of ceramic facing tiles. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 10 (4), 285–293. doi: http://doi.org/10.1080/13923730.2004.9636321
  9. Zygadlo M., Piasta Z. (1987). Prediction of frost resisrance of ceramic building materials by non-destructive methods. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components, 899–904. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4832-8386-9.50122-4
  10. Avgustinik, A. I. (1975). Keramika. Lenigrad: Stroiizdat, 189.
  11. Salakhov, A. M., Salakhova, R. A. (2013). Keramika: issledovanie syria, struktura, svoistva. Kazan: Izd-vo KNITU, 316.
  12. Ceramics for Strength. Available at: https://mmi.fem.sumdu.edu.ua/sites/default/files/references_extend_summary_ukr.pdf
  13. Malaiškienė J., Mačiulaitis R. (2013). Frost Resistant Ceramics Produced From Local Raw Materials and Wastes. Procedia Engineering, 57, 739–745. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.04.093
  14. Pérez, J. M., Rincón, J. Ma., Romero, M. (2012). Effect of moulding pressure on microstructure and technological properties of porcelain stoneware. Ceramics International, 38 (1), 317–325. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.07.009
  15. Naumov, A. A., IUndin, A. N. (2013). Vliianie udelnogo davleniia pressovaniia i temperatury obzhiga na morozostoikost keramicheskogo cherepka iz modifitsirovannogo Atiukhtinskogo glinistogo syria. Inzhenernii vestnik Dona, 4 (27). Available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/vliyanie-udelnogo-davleniya-pressovaniya-i-temperatury-obzhiga-na-morozostoykost-keramicheskogo-cherepka-iz-modifitsirovannogo
  16. Tekhnologiia keramicheskikh dielektrikov – granulirovanie i pressovanie poroshkov iskhodnykh komponentov. Available at: https://leg.co.ua/arhiv/raznoe-arhiv/tehnologiya-keramicheskih-dielektrikov-9.html
  17. Guzman, I. Ia. (Ed.) (2005). Praktikum po tekhnologii keramiki. Moscow: OOO RIF «STROIMATERIALY», 334.

Downloads

Published

2021-04-30

How to Cite

Subota І., Spasonova, L., & Sholom А. (2021). Influence of forming pressure on frost resistance of ceramics. Technology Audit and Production Reserves, 2(1(58), 15–20. https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.229172

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 1(58) (2021): Industrial and technology systems

Section

Materials Science: Original Research

License

Copyright (c) 2021 Ірина Сергіївна Cуббота, Лариса Миколаївна Cпасьонова, Анастасія Євгенівна Шолом

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The consolidation and conditions for the transfer of copyright (identification of authorship) is carried out in the License Agreement. In particular, the authors reserve the right to the authorship of their manuscript and transfer the first publication of this work to the journal under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY license. At the same time, they have the right to conclude on their own additional agreements concerning the non-exclusive distribution of the work in the form in which it was published by this journal, but provided that the link to the first publication of the article in this journal is preserved.