Analytical representation of switching current impulses for study of metal-oxide surge arrester models
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/2312-8372.2017.109662Keywords:
surge arrester, residual voltage, switching current pulse, piecewise functionAbstract
The object of research is an analytical expression for representing the switching current impulse of a surge arrester. Any current impulse (both lightning and switching) is characterized by such parameters as the virtual front time and the virtual time to half-value on the tail. According to the standard IEC 60099-4:2014, switching current impulse has a virtual time to half-value on the tail of roughly twice the virtual front time. This requirement is one of the most problematic places in this task. The existing approaches used to represent lightning current impulses are not suitable in this case, since these impulses have virtual time to half-value on the tail of two and a half times the virtual front time.
This problem can be solved with a help of analytical piecewise continuous functions.
It is shown how to describe switching current impulses of the surge arresters with a help of analytical piecewise continuous functions. In contrast to other expressions, the resulting expressions for the switching impulse have only one parameter (angular frequency). Instead of approximate calculation, the front time of the resulting impulse is calculated by an analytically exact formula. Hence, the tolerance of virtual front time is equal to zero. The time to half-value on the tail of the resulting impulses is determined with some error that can be reduced by some complication of the original expression.
The proposed functions satisfy the requirements of the IEC 60099-4:2014 standard regarding switching current impulses of surge arresters. These functions allow representing current impulses having virtual time to half-value on the tail of roughly twice the virtual front time (30/60 or 45/90 microseconds). In such cases, minimal tolerance of time to half-value on the tail is +3.78 %. Additional study shows that one of proposed functions allows representing current impulses having virtual time to half-value on the tail of two and a half times the virtual front time (8/20 or 4/10 microseconds). Tolerance of time to half-value on the tail for such impulses is 0.55 %. The obtained functions are intended for study of various models of metal-oxide surge arresters on personal computers.
References
- Meister, A., Shayani, R., De Oliveira, M. (2012). Comparison of metal oxide surge arrester models in overvoltage studies. International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, 3 (11), 35–45. doi:10.4314/ijest.v3i11.4s
- Peppas, G. D., Naxakis, I. A., Vitsas, C. T., Pyrgioti, E. C. (2012). Surge arresters models for fast transients. 2012 International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP). IEEE, 1–6. doi:10.1109/iclp.2012.6344285
- Pinceti, P., Giannettoni, M. (1999). A simplified model for zinc oxide surge arresters. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 14 (2), 393–398. doi:10.1109/61.754079
- Fernandez, F., Diaz, R. (2001). Metal-oxide surge arrester model for fast transient simulations. Proceedings of 2001 International Conference on Power System Transients, 681–687.
- Miguel, P. M. (2014). Comparison of Surge Arrester Models. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 29 (1), 21–28. doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2013.2279835
- Standler, R. B. (1988). Equations for some transient overvoltage test waveforms. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 30 (1), 69–71. doi:10.1109/15.19891
- De Conti, A., Visacro, S. (2007). Analytical Representation of Single- and Double-Peaked Lightning Current Waveforms. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 49 (2), 448–451. doi:10.1109/temc.2007.897153
- Koehler, F., Swingler, J. (2016). Simplified Analytical Representation of Lightning Strike Waveshapes. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 58 (1), 153–160. doi:10.1109/temc.2015.2493582
- Heidler, F., Cvetic, J. M., Stanic, B. V. (1999). Calculation of lightning current parameters. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 14 (2), 399–404. doi:10.1109/61.754080
- Beyer, M., Boeck, W., Möller, K., Zaengl, W. (1986). Hochspannungstechnik: theoretische und praktische grundlagen für die anwendug. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 362. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-61633-4
- Trotsenko, Y., Brzhezitsky, V., Masluchenko, I. (2017). Study of surge arrester model under influence of various current pulses. Technology audit and production reserves, 1(1(33)), 44–48. doi:10.15587/2312-8372.2017.92244
- Micro-Cap 11. Electronic Circuit Analysis Program. Reference Manual. Ed. 11. (2014). Sunnyvale, CA: Spectrum Software, 1040. Available: http://www.spectrum-soft.com/down/rm11.pdf
- Trotsenko, Y., Brzhezitsky, V., Masluchenko, I. (2017). Effect of piecewise linear current waveforms on surge arrester residual voltage. Technology audit and production reserves, 2(1(34)), 25–31. doi:10.15587/2312-8372.2017.97507
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 Yevgeniy Trotsenko, Volodymyr Brzhezitsky, Igor Masluchenko
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The consolidation and conditions for the transfer of copyright (identification of authorship) is carried out in the License Agreement. In particular, the authors reserve the right to the authorship of their manuscript and transfer the first publication of this work to the journal under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY license. At the same time, they have the right to conclude on their own additional agreements concerning the non-exclusive distribution of the work in the form in which it was published by this journal, but provided that the link to the first publication of the article in this journal is preserved.
