Bessonova S. Modern state and prospects of investment of Ukrainian sea ports.

Abstract

The article analyzes the current state of financial and economic activities of Ukrainian seaports. The commodity structure of cargo processing by sea ports of Ukraine was investigated. The reasons for the decrease in the the volume of cargo processing in seaports were revealed: reduction of the production capacities of metallurgical and machine building enterprises, the insufficient development of industrial logistics, the limitation in own circulation capital, the lack of long-term financing, the high interest rates of bank loans, the influence of external competition, and military actions in the east of the country. The analysis of foreign direct investment in the economy of Ukraine was carried out and the share in the total volume of investments in transport and storage facilities was revealed. It was substantiated that to create competitive advantages over foreign competitors, domestic enterprises of marine trade should develop and apply innovative technologies in their activities. A more detailed analysis of the activities of the enterprises of sea trading ports was carried out on the basis of such large state-owned port enterprises as: "The Sea Commercial Port "Yuzhny", "Mariupolkiy Commercial Sea Port", "Odesskiy Commercial Sea Port", "Ilyichevskiy Commercial Sea Port ". The studies reflected the need for significant investment resources necessary for the further development and sustainability of the development of sea domestic ports. Having studied the current state and prospects for investing in domestic seaports, the following conclusions were done. Sea trading ports are an integral part of transport and production infrastructure of the state, which can become world transit. However, significant capital investments are needed to reform the port economy. To implement investment projects, it is necessary to attract private investors, to interest the main exporters of products, to get state support and stimulate investors in minimizing risks and stabilizing the tax legislation of the country. Therefore, in order to increase investment attractiveness, it is necessary to cooperate the four main participants of the process: the legislative and executive branches of government, business and investment institutions.