REGULARITIES OF ECOLOGOCAL DIFFERENTIATION OF THE SOILS COVER IN THE EAST-SLOVAKIAN LOWLANDS

Abstract

The character of the soil cover in the landscape is depends on the physical geographic regularities of the differentiation the pedosphere (e.g. horizontal zonation, vertical zonation, detailed ecological differentiation, etc.).With themare associated soil-forming processesto formsoil coverof the regions.East- Slovak Lowlandhas been and isa typicalagrarianecosystem.The intensityof agriculturein that regionis dependent on theproductionofarangeof soil and from inputs toproduction.In our paperwe'll take the quality of the soils, typologically-production categories of the soil - soil-fertility of East-SlovakLowland and also the representation of the soils from aspects ofthe economicprofitability ofcropsandcomparisonthese parameters with the Slovak Republic. In linewith recentMorphogenetic andsoilclassification systemof the Slovak Republicon the territory ofthe East- Slovak Lowland, we can define9soilgroups, 17 typesandseveralsubtypes, varietiesandforms ofsoil. Most of thesoilson theEast-Slovak Lowlandsare usesas agricultural land, till 69 % of the territory, of which 68 %isarable land. It is grownhere especiallydensely sowingcereal crop(37 %), followed by grain maize(10 %), legumes (5 %), oil plants (10 %), sugar beet (5 %), annual fodder (8 %), perennial fodder products (8 %).

The soil cover on the East-Slovakian plain is different from the soil cover of East- Slovakian hilly country. While for the soil cover differentiation of East-Slovakian plain is applies mainly azonation (substrate-morphological-hydrological conditions) for the differentiation the soil cover of East-Slovakian hilly country is applies above all of barrier zonation and only partially azonation (Podvihorlatská hilly country). Theregularitiesandconditions are significantlyaffecting the fertility of agricultural soils and land use of the landscape. From the aspect offertilityaredominated here productive category of soilsO3(veryproductive soils).