OBTAINING AND CHARACTERISTIC OF BIOPOLYMER COMPLEXES OF PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15673/2073-8684.3/2015.50276Keywords:
Pleurotus ostreatus, complex, β-glucan, chitin, melanins, enterosorbent, antioxidantAbstract
Mushrooms are a promising source of biologically active substances, among which the most important are polysaccharides, in particular β-glucan. Except β-glucan, the insoluble component of fungi – biopolymer complex of cell walls – also include chitin, melanins and protein substances. However, the obtaining of individual components leads to lower products yield and uncontrolled modification of their properties, because of that it is rationally to obtain exactly biopolymer complex from mushrooms.
This paper focuses on characteristics of the chemical composition and properties of biopolymer complex preparations of Pleurotus ostreatus that are cultivated under controlled conditions. Biopolymer complexes were obtained by sequential processing of raw with hot water, acid and alkaline agents. The concentration and contact time of sodium hydroxide solution with raw material were varied.
It was established that carbohydrates, represented by glucans and chitin in different ratios, dominate in the composition of selected products. Protein and melanins are concomitant to polysaccharide. Their mass fraction is different. In the IR-spectra of all samples the absorption bands that are typical for chitin, β-(1→3)-glucan and melanins are identified. It is established that the biopolymer complexes exhibit enterosorption, antioxidant, antacid properties. Adjustment of manifestation degree of these properties is possible by varying the ratio of biopolymer components of the complex.
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