Іnvestigations of the dust air pollution in the production of poultry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-8025.2017.109220Keywords:
dust pollution, industrial poultry farming, atmospheric air, bioindication, Betula pendulaAbstract
Aim of research – to determine the dust concentration in production accommodations and beyond poultry yards in the sanitary-protecting zone of a poultry enterprise.
Materials and methods. The research was carried out in zones of location of poultry enterprises of broiler and eggs production. Poultry enterprises are located in Kyiv region in different soil-climatic conditions. The analysis of the content of dust in atmospheric air is realized using aspiration methods. The disperse analysis of dust is established by microscopy methods using a microscope MBI -15. The leaf plate dustiness is established by the bioindication method.
Results of researches and their discussion. The results of realized studies testify that the ratio of dust particles of different sizes is different depending on a technology. For example, at keeping poultry at a poultry yard 75 % is fine-dispersed particles less than 5 microns. In feed processing buildings the share of fine-dispersed particles is more (85 %). It was demonstrated that the intensity of the poultry yards working zone air pollution is very high depending on a keeping technology, poultry age, production process. The maximal value of hygienic norms exceed (in 700 tomes) was observed in a feed processing building at forages mixing.
The method of bioindication using Betula pendula Roth phyto-indicator determined the dust concentration on Betula pendula Rot leaf plate surface. It was demonstrated that the dust pollution is observed also beyond poultry yards, at the distance 2m from discharge sources it exceeds the value in the control variant almost 250 times at keeping the parents’ livestock. The concentration decreases with the distance increase.
Conclusion. It was determined that the quantitative composition of different dust fractions is different. To improve the ecological state of atmospheric air it is necessary to observe veterinary-sanitary norms to provide a microclimate and ventilation. The received results give grounds to state that MAC of working zone air pollution can reach 700 times. BetulapendulaRoth was probated and offered to the use as phyto-indicators of the ecological state of territories of the intense poultry farming
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Copyright (c) 2017 Olga Tertychna, Olena Bryhas, Larysa Svaliavchuk, Nataliia Miroshnik
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