The results analysis of cytological examination of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia compared to histology report

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4798.2022.263490

Keywords:

vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, vulvoscopy, squamous cell carcinoma, differentiated type, usual type

Abstract

Timely diagnosis and effective treatment of precancerous diseases of the female genital organs prevent the development of oncogynecological diseases. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia is a precancerous disease characterized by lesions of the stratified squamous epithelium with impaired maturation and normal keratinization of cells, but without inclusion of the basement membrane in the pathological process. The main methods of diagnosis of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia are vulvoscopy, cytological and histological examination.

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical significance and effectiveness of different sampling methods for cytological examination in comparison with histological report.

Materials and methods. The study involved 235 women aged 35-79 years, with a mean age of 57±11,3 years with complaints of pain, burning, discomfort and itching in the vulva. All patients underwent a simple vulvoscopy, where atrophy of the mucosa, partial or complete loss of the clitoris and / or labia minora, fissures, ecchymoses (haemorrhages), eroded surfaces, exophytic growths from 1 to 5 cm were detected. Material sampling was performed by various cytological methods.

Results. According to the results of the study, no significant differences between the methods of cytological sampling were observed. The cytological report was compared to the result of histological examination of biopsies. According to the results of cytological examination, squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva was detected in 12 patients, atrophy was identified in 5 women and squamous epithelial scales cytologically detected in the remaining 218 women.

Conclusions. The sensitivity and specificity of cytological examination methods were high in the presence of eroded surfaces and exophytic lesions. It was found that cytological research methods were not informative enough to detect vulvar cancer, which is in the stratum of hyperkeratosis, and was diagnosed in 5.1 % of patients. Therefore, for the reliability of the results and confirmation of the diagnosis it is necessary to conduct histological examination, with the help of which 14.9 % of patients were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma

Author Biographies

Viktoriia Dunaevskaya, National Cancer Institute; Національний інститут раку

PhD, Oncologist-Gynecologist

Senior Researcher

Department of Endocrine Gynecology

Evgenia Loginova, National Cancer Institute

PhD, Physician-Cytologist of Highest Category, Head of Laboratory

Laboratory of Cytological Diagnostics

 

Pavlina Botsuin, Medical Labolatory CSD

Medical Laboratory Assistant (Cytopathologist), MIAC, Laboratory Manager

Laboratory of Cytopathology

Nataliia Bohonis, National Cancer Institute

Biologist

Laboratory of Cytological Diagnostics

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Published

2022-09-30

How to Cite

Dunaevskaya, V., Loginova, E., Botsuin, P., & Bohonis, N. (2022). The results analysis of cytological examination of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia compared to histology report. ScienceRise: Medical Science, (5 (50), 41–46. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4798.2022.263490

Issue

No. 5 (50) (2022)

Section

Medical Science

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Copyright (c) 2022 Viktoriia Dunaevskaya, Evgenia Loginova, Pavlina Botsuin, Nataliia Bohonis

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