Modern technologies for studying the genome of mycobacteria

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4798.2023.290596

Keywords:

Amplification, Genome, Hybridization, Molecular Diagnosis, Mycobacterium, Restriction, Sequencing, Spoligotyping, Tuberculosis

Abstract

Molecular technologies play a leading role in the laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis and mycobacteriosis. The successes in studying the genome of Mycobacterium have contributed to significant progress in understanding the evolution, variability, and genetic diversity of pathogens, as well as the development of diagnostic technologies, including research into resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs.

The aim of this research is to conduct a comparative study of the spectrum of modern technologies for studying the genomes of mycobacteria and their impact on the efficiency of the laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis.

Materials and methods: a search for sources of information was carried out in the PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. Materials related to the technology of molecular diagnosis of tuberculosis and mycobacteriosis and for determining the susceptibility of pathogens to anti-tuberculosis drugs were selected.

Results: it was determined that the modern methods for studying the genome of mycobacteria include amplification technologies (PCR analysis), hybridization, restriction, spoligotyping, sequencing, and their various combinations. The main methods are standard and modified protocols of PCR (RAPD-PCR, AP-PCR, rep-PCR, Real-time PCR, Inverse PCR, TB-LAMP, HIP, LM-PCR). Genomic Restriction Analysis can be used in studies of MTBC and NTM strains (RFLP, AFLP analysis, MIRU-VNTR genotyping). The most effective method for genome analysis is WGS. Complex methods that utilize a combination of molecular technologies allow for the direct detection of mycobacteria in clinical samples.

Conclusions: the widespread application of genomic technologies in the study of mycobacteria will contribute to the effective implementation of the global WHO strategy for the prevention, treatment, and control of tuberculosis and mycobacteriosis

Author Biographies

Olga Shapovalova, National University of Pharmacy

PhD, Senior Researcher

Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology

Olena Koshova, National University of Pharmacy

PhD, Associate Professor

Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology

Nataliia Filimonova, National University of Pharmacy

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor

Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology

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Modern technologies for studying the genome of mycobacteria

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2023-07-31

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Shapovalova, O., Koshova, O., & Filimonova, N. (2023). Modern technologies for studying the genome of mycobacteria. ScienceRise: Medical Science, (4 (55), 28–37. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4798.2023.290596

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No. 4 (55) (2023)

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Medical Science

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Copyright (c) 2023 Olga Shapovalova, Olena Koshova, Nataliia Filimonova

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