Determination of the legal framework for localization science and technology valleys and technology incubators in nuclear activitiesys and technology incubators in nuclear activities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.222782Keywords:
science and technology valleys, technology incubator, technology and innovation incentives, nuclear activitiesAbstract
The object of research in science and technology valleys and technology incubators, which for governments are the best investment of the scientific energies of scientists and innovators. As they are a link between research institutions and the industrial and service sectors, and as they transfer ideas and research results to different markets. This research aims to highlight the importance of Localization science and technology valleys and technological incubators related to nuclear activities, as they are one of the important tributaries to support the owners of the ideas of ambitious nuclear projects. The research also aims to shed light on the problems and obstacles that hinder the achievement of the desired goals of nuclear activities, such as:
– the lack of information in the fields related to it;
– the scarcity of expertise needed to implement it;
– the lack of funding;
– the absence of investors in this highly specific «nuclear» sector.
The research presents the extent of the possibility of Localization those nuclear activities in Egypt through establishment valleys and incubators so that through this Localization there is an integrated environment of services and support that will ensure their development, raise their growth rates, and increase their efficiency. It is will lead to an increase in the chances of their success and sustainability, especially since Nuclear technology is used in many fields of industry, medicine, and agriculture. The research highlight the provisions of Egyptian Law regarding science, technology, and innovation incentives, as well as Egyptian Law establishing the Innovators Care Fund, to determine the possibility of establishing these valleys and incubators through the provisions of Egyptian legislation.
Obtained results will have reached a great impact in encouraging investors and financiers to enter into technological partnerships with nuclear agencies in Egypt for the sake of safe investment in the elements associated with nuclear materials.
References
- The constitution of Egypt 2014. Available at: https://www.egypt.gov.eg/arabic/laws/constitution
- Egypt's Vision 2030 updated in line with changes ensued from COVID-19, success achieved until present (2021). Available at: https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/3/96293/Egypt-s-Vision-2030-updated-in-line-with-changes-ensued
- Law No. 23 of 2018 regarding science, technology, and innovation incentives. Official Gazette Issue (16) Refined (a) 21 April 2018, Egypt. Available at: http://www.crci.sci.eg/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/232018.pdf
- Law No. 1 of 2019 was issued to establish the Innovators and Innovators Fund. Official Gazette Issue (5) Refined (d) 6 February 2019, Egypt. Available at: http://www.crci.sci.eg/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/1-2019.pdf
- National Strategy for Science, Technology and Innovation 2030 (2019). Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Egypt. Available at: http://www.crci.sci.eg/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/National-Strategy-for-Science-Technology-and-Innovation-2030.pdf
- Dietrich, F., Harley, B., Langbein, J. (2010). Development guidelines for technology business incubators. InWEnt–Capacity Building International. Bonn. Available at: https://www.asean.org/wp-content/uploads/images/archive/SME/Development%20Guidelines%20for%20Technology%20Business%20Incubators.pdf
- Guidelines and proforma for submission of proposal (2015). Technology Business Incubator (NIDHI-TBI), Ministry of Science & Technology Department of Science & Technology National Science & Technology Entrepreneurship Development Board Technology, Government of India. Available at: http://www.nstedb.com/New_Programmes/NIDHI-TBI.pdf
- Al-Mubaraki, H. M. (2013). The Effect of Business Incubation in Developing Countries. European Journal of Business and Innovation Research, 1 (1), 19–25.
- Wiggins, J., Gibson, D. V. (2003). Overview of US incubators and the case of the Austin Technology Incubator. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 3 (1/2), 56. doi: http://doi.org/10.1504/ijeim.2003.002218
- A White Paper Guidelines – Metrics & Milestones for Successful Incubator Development (2013). Recommendation version 2.0 Made to Department of Science & Technology, entrepreneurship network. Govt. of India. Available at: https://www.aspeninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/files/content/docs/resources/A%20White%20Paper_Metrics%20%20Milestones%20for%20Incubators.pdf
- Abdel-Fattah, Y. R., Kashyout, A. B., Shetta, W. (2013). Egypt's Science and Technology Parks Outlook: A Focus on SRTACity (City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications). World Technopolis Review, 2 (2), 96–108. doi: http://doi.org/10.7165/wtr2013.2.2.96
- In-depth evaluation of selected UNIDO activities on development and transfer of technology (1999). United Nations Industrial Development Organization. Component 3 Technology Business Incubators and Technology Parks, US/GLO/94/009. Available at: https://open.unido.org/api/documents/4758678/download/IN-DEPTH%20EVALUATION%20OF%20SELECTED%20UNIDO%20ACTIVITIES%20ON%20DEVELOPMENT%20AND%20TRANSFER%20OF%20TECHNOLOGY%20-%20Component%203%20Technology%20Business%20Incubators%20and%20Technology%20Parks/
- Dempwolf, C. S., Auer, J., D’Ippolito, M. (2014). Innovation Accelerators: Defining Characteristics among Startup Assistance Organizations. Optimal Solutions Group, LLC College Park. Available at: https://www.sba.gov/sites/default/files/rs425-Innovation-Accelerators-Report-FINAL.pdf
- Mahdi, J. (2015). The Impact of Incubator Projects in the Promotion of Entrepreneurship in Annaba. Journal of Economic Sciences, 16 (2), 148–169.
- A Review of Local Economic and Employment Development Policy Approaches in OECD countries (2008). OECD LEED Programme. Paris. Available at: www.oecd.org/document/17/0,3343,en_2649_34417_42750737_1_1_1_1,00.html
- Duff, A. (2008). Best Practice in Business Incubator Management. The TCG Case Study is based on "TCG: Sustainable Economic Organisation through Networking" Studies in Organisational Analysis and Innovation. Available at: https://africaeurope-innovationpartnership.net/sites/default/files/2019-05/best_practice_in_business_incubator_management_en.pdf
- Bergek, A., Norrman, C. (2008). Incubator best practice: A framework. Technovation, 28 (1-2), 20–28. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2007.07.008
- Cagri, O., Sehitoglu, Y. (2013). Assessing the Impacts of Technology Business Incubators: A framework for Technology Development Centers in Turkey. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 75, 282–291. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.032
- Smith, K. (2004). Business plan for a technology incubator, Lane County, Oregon, Submitted to the University of Oregon and the Lane County Business Incubation Group. Available at: https://www.coursehero.com/file/45716409/businessplan-reportpdf/
- Technology Incubator Feasibility (2009). Study Presented by the Emerging Technology Consortium and ANGLE Technology to the Washington. DC Economic Partnership. ANGLE Technology Group. Available at: https://wdcep.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/tech_incubator.pdf
- The Smart Guide to Innovation-Based Incubators (IBI) (2010). European Union. doi: http://doi.org/10.2776/16668
- Tara, A. T., Myob, T. Z., Hlaingc, T. M., Wind, B. B. M. (2017). Study on Processing of Rare Earth Oxide from Monazite, Mongmit Myitsone Region. American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 27 (1), 43–51.
- Bahri, C. N. A. C. Z., Al- Areqi, W. M., Majid, A. A., Ruf, M. I. F. M. (2016). Production of Rare earth elements from Malaysian Monazite by selective precipitation. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 20 (1), 44–50. doi: http://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2016-2001-05
- Kassem, A. T., Selim, Y. T., EL-said, N., Aly, H. F. (2015). Separation of Uranium and Thorium from Monazite Ore with Hollow fiber supported liquid membrane system containing-PMBP as carrier /HNO3 as stripping solution. International Journal of Recent Advances in Engineering & Technology, 3 (12).
- Ismae, I. S. (2002). Rare Earth Elements in Egyptian Phosphorites. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, 21, 19–28. doi: http://doi.org/10.1007/BF02838049
- Al-Areqi, W. M., Bahri, C. N. A. C. Z., Majid, A. Ab., Sarmani, S. (2016). Separation and Radiological impact assessment of Thorium in Malaysian Monazite processing. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 20 (4), 770–776. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2016-2004-09
- Attia, A. H., El-Sayed, S. A., El-Saagh M. E. (2018). Utilization of GIS modeling in geoenvironmental studies of Qaroun Lake, El Fayoum Depression, Egypt. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 138, 58–74. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2017.10.010
- El-Zeiny, A. M., El-Kafrawy, S. B., Ahmed, M. H. (2019). Geomatics based approach for assessing Qaroun Lake pollution. The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science, 22 (3), 279–296. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrs.2019.07.003
- Alamdari, A., Rahimpour, M. R., Esfandiari, N., Nourafkan, E. (2008). Kinetics of magnesium hydroxide precipitation from sea bittern. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 47 (2), 215–221. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2007.02.012
- Ghara, K. K., Korat, N., Bhalodia, D., Solanki, J., Maiti, P., Ghosh, P. K. (2014). Production of pure potassium salts directly from sea bittern employing tartaric acid as a benign and recyclable K+ precipitant. RSC Advances, 4 (65), 34706–34711. doi: http://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA04360J
- P. M decision No. 1186/ 2019 issuing executive regulations of Law No. 23/2018 regarding science, technology, and innovation incentives, Egypt. Available at: http://www.crci.sci.eg/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/1186.pdf
- Incubator guide a publication (2014). The California Commission on access to justice. Available at: https://www.calbar.ca.gov/Portals/0/documents/accessJustice/2014%20Incubator%20Guide.pdf
- Tranter, K. (2011). The Laws of Technology and the Technology of Law. Griffith law review, 20 (4), 753–762. doi: http://doi.org/10.1080/10383441.2011.10854719
- Salkin, P. E., Suni, E., Schanmann, N., Bile, M. L. (2015). Law school-based incubators and access to Justice perspect. Journal of experiential learning, 1, 202. Available at: https://works.bepress.com/patricia_salkin/86/
- Zahrani, A. (2013). The Role of Business Incubators in the Creative Capacity of the Small and Medium Projects Development in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An Empirical Study from the perspective of those in charge of these projects. Journal of Management and Economics, 3 (83), 138–165.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Osama Mostafa Atout
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The consolidation and conditions for the transfer of copyright (identification of authorship) is carried out in the License Agreement. In particular, the authors reserve the right to the authorship of their manuscript and transfer the first publication of this work to the journal under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY license. At the same time, they have the right to conclude on their own additional agreements concerning the non-exclusive distribution of the work in the form in which it was published by this journal, but provided that the link to the first publication of the article in this journal is preserved.