Development of scientific parks in conditions of formation of the image of the region: world experience and Ukrainian realities

Abstract

The article analyzes the leading world experience of creation and functioning of scientific parks as centers of innovative development of territories and the expansion of the competitiveness of science-intensive business and scientific organization. It proved that innovation development is possible in a certain area, for example, a region. The author also establishes that activation of innovation activity through the network of scientific parks contributes to the formation of the innovative regional image and positively influences attraction of investments and skilled workforce in such region. Evidence of this is the experience of countries such as the United States, Great Britain, Japan, China. The article analyzes the models of scientific organization of innovation activity in these countries. It proves that the American model of scientific parks organization is appropriate for implementation in Ukraine. The emphasis is on the leading role of higher education institutions in this model. It substantiates the expediency and main obstacles of implementation of this model in the realities of the Ukrainian economy and highlights the interests of all participants of the innovation process in creation and dissemination of scientific parks. Particular emphasis is placed on the need for the regional authorities to participate in these processes as a prerogative for the formation of a positive image of the region. The main principles of effective assistance are the reduction of administrative barriers, the development of social infrastructure, the expansion of ties with scientific centers, the formation of orders in the specialty in accordance with the needs of scientific parks, encouragement (in the form of privileges) of business organizations to conduct joint research and research universities works in priority areas. As a promising direction for further research in this direction the author highlights the development of mechanisms for coordinating the interests of all subjects of innovation activity of scientific parks, the introduction of criteria for assessing their impact on the development of the image of regions and the state as a whole.

The article is of an exploratory nature and highlights the prospects for implementing the world-wide experience of creating science parks in Ukrainian realities.