Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technologies in Cultural Heritage Preservation: Opportunities And Risks

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to explore the opportunities and risks of using artificial intelligence and digital technologies in preserving and promoting cultural heritage in the context of military conflicts and global challenges. The research methodology is based on the use of scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis, which are used to assess the advantages and risks of using artificial intelligence in the preservation of cultural heritage; comparison to contrast international experience, modern approaches to the use of digital technologies and artificial intelligence with the Ukrainian context; generalisation to form conclusions about the ethical use of artificial intelligence in the preservation of cultural heritage. The scientific novelty lies in conducting a comprehensive analysis of digital technologies and artificial intelligence as new formats of cultural experience, effective tools for preserving cultural heritage, and justifying the need for an ethical approach to the application of artificial intelligence, in particular, highlighting the advantages and risks of its use. Conclusions. The development of artificial intelligence and digital technologies opens up new opportunities for preserving and promoting cultural heritage, especially in the context of military conflicts and global challenges, as they allow the creation of accurate models of cultural objects that can be restored in case of destruction. The activities of international platforms such as Europeana, JSTOR Labs, Google Arts & Culture, and others demonstrate the practical potential of artificial intelligence in supporting cultural institutions and preserving cultural heritage. At the same time, the use of artificial intelligence is accompanied by ethical and legal challenges. UNESCO reports and research by the Anti-Defamation League highlight the risks of using artificial intelligence to spread misinformation, distort historical facts, and promote extremist views, which requires increased attention to transparency, accountability, and the compliance of algorithms with human rights. Artificial intelligence and digital technologies should be seen as tools that can significantly enhance opportunities in the field of cultural heritage preservation, but their effective use is only possible with an ethical approach that takes into account not only technical capabilities but also ethical, social, and legal aspects to ensure the authenticity of cultural heritage copies.