Potapova N. Development of transport system by territories.

Abstract

Оne of the most important features of technological progress and civilization level of the state is the transport system advancements. The effective functioning of transport is a prerequisite for stabilization, structural changes in the economics, development of external economic activity, improving the living standards of the population, and providing national security of the country. Transport has an important economic, socio-political, cultural, and defense function in the development of the regions.Transport system is a spatial combination of lines of communication, transport facilities and the related transport services. It determines territorial specialization and the development of economic complex of the region. The transport factor is of key importance in the distribution of productive forces. The transport system of the region has a distinct territorial specificity. Hence, each region is understood as an individual set of economic, organizational and social factors that determine the ability of the region to provide export and import needs of its economic system. Transport potential is a factor of economic security and sustainable development of the region.Formation of the transport network, its specific structure, the density of the lines of communication, transport capacity of the main highways are determined by sectoral structure of economic system, its product range, territorial organization,  density of population, features of historic development, natural conditions, as well as by economic and geographical location of the country and its regions.The main types of transport network configuration are: radial, orthogonal, tree-structured network.The components of transport system include railway stations and junctions, bus stations, sea and river ports, wharves, airports. The interaction of various modes of transport at the regional level is carried out in the transport junctions of mixed types, multimodal transportation of goods by rail and road being most common.