Ideal concept: experience scientific understanding

Abstract

The article analyzes the dynamics of scientific understanding of the concept of the ideal, reasonably future directions of its development and revealed heuristic possibilities of methodological strategies of cultural knowledge that can integrate various scientific discourses. It is shown that the ideal as a special work culture is one of those phenomena, the first ideological and methodological approaches to the understanding of which are outlined in the writings of philosophers of Antiquity, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. In Soviet philosophy of the Enlightenment ideal concept closely associated with anthropological themes , initiated in practical philosophy G. Skovorody, kardiosofiyi P. Yurkevich, moralvalue "philosophy Heart" M. Berdyaev . At different historical nuances of the twentieth century multiplicity of approaches have been developed in the interpretation of the concept of the ideal, though his general theory developed in this period, mostly within a dominant ideology . In 1920-he formed the ideal concept of categorical field as philosophy and sociology and psychology. At this time, it was a philosophical anthropology methodological paradigm of philosophical thought and the subject matter for the evolution of cultural theories. Already in the 30-60-ies of XX century idea of the ideal of completely based on MarxistLeninist ideology, the original theoretical and methodological approach, which was his interpretation of the phenomenon of consciousness – social and individual . In the 1970's weighty theoretical study of the problem has become the ideal in the writings of one of the greatest philosophers of the second half of the twentieth century – E. Ilyenkova and philosophical reflection of the Kiev school of philosophy – V. Shynkaruk with A. Yatsenko .