Style evolution of Ukrainian classical porcelain-faience of the XIX – early XX centuries in the practice of art and expert studies

Abstract

Purpose of the article is to study evolutionary processes of Ukrainian classical porcelain in the practice of art-study expert workings, development of the systematization of characteristic elements, stylistic signs of painting, colour scheme and forms of products of the XIX  early twentieth centuries. Methodology of research is based on the application of the historical method for determination of the evolution of style features of porcelain and faience of Ukraine in the XIX  early XX centuries; historical comparative method  for comparison of the studied works with European and Russian analogues; cultural method  for the study of ethical and aesthetic problems of expertise in art researches and scientific-restoration activities. Scientific novelty consists in conducting research on artistic works of porcelain-faience and the application of practical methods of art criticism in the scientific restoration of fine-ceramic products in the museums of Ukraine, as well as in the determination of a number of porcelain and faience objects from the XIX  early XX centuries, by stylistic features, functionality and their belonging to a certain type with the purpose of art studies. Conclusions. Formation and development of artistic styles of Ukrainian classical porcelain faience from the XIX  early XX centuries is one of the problems that have been recently covered in scientific literature by domestic and foreign art critics. Detection of stylistic features and originality of fine ceramics with painted ornamental decors is an important factor in the process of conducting complex expertise and attribution. The practice of art studies in expert research shows that in the process of research of fine ceramic, we often have problems determining the style of the product, period of its creation, decoration treatment, etc. They need to be solved. Professional ability to establish and reasonably prove the style of the use of artistic porcelain or faience enables a specialist to find specific features and evidence of stylistic accessories of products and to reveal their characteristic features.