Legislation on the cultural heritage protection in Ukraine and Poland: the comparative analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32461/2226-3209.1.2019.166899Keywords:
cultural heritage protection, law, convention, normative legal act, international standardsAbstract
The purpose of the article is a comparative analysis of legislation on the cultural heritage protection in Ukraine and Poland, its gaps identification and the formulation of proposals for possible applying of foreign experience. Methodology: historical method, which allowed to trace the genesis of the cultural heritage legal protection in Ukraine and Poland; analysis and synthesis methods, their application assisted in the legal analysis of the basic normative acts, in the identification of legal regulation gaps; the forecasting method made it possible to develop proposals regarding concrete rules for improving the legislation on the cultural heritage protection in Ukraine. Scientific novelty. The attention was focused on basic normative acts in the sphere of cultural heritage protection in Ukraine and Poland; the common and distinctive features of the cultural heritage legal protection of the two countries was analyzed; the main activity directions of the Ukrainian and Polish institutions responsible for the cultural heritage protection are ostended; the ways of improving the cultural heritage legislative protection in Ukraine based on the Polish experience applying was suggested. Conclusions. In general, it can be stated that the Polish and Ukrainian legislation on cultural heritage protection is quite similar and is currently being improved considering international norms and standards. The common is the presence of specialized Ministry of Culture of Ukraine and the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage Protection in Poland, which define the state policy and ensure the cultural heritage protection. At the same time, in Poland, to local self-government bodies, more powers were given, and Ukraine has just begun to transfer the respective powers to the regions. In addition, in Poland, owners and users of cultural heritage monuments are more responsible for keeping them in good condition, restoration, conservation, etc., while state bodies provide financial, organizational and methodological support, coordinate activities, etc. A number of norms of the Polish Law «On the Protection of Monuments and Custody of Monuments» are designated as useful in the context of reforming the legislation on the cultural heritage protection in Ukraine.
References
Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. Adopted by the General Conference at its seventeenth session Paris, 16 November 1972. URL: http://whc.unesco.org/uploads/activities/documents/activity-562-4.pdf (Access date: 05.02.2019).
O ochronie dóbr kultury. Ustawa z dnia 15 lutego 1962 r. URL: http://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU19620100048 (Access date: 05.02.2019).
O opiece nad zabytkami. Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej z dnia 6 marca 1928 r. URL: http://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=wdu19280290265 (Access date: 05.02.2019).
Про охорону і використання пам’яток історії та культури : Закон Української РСР від 13.07.1978 р. No 3600-IX. Відомості Верховної Ради. 1978. № 30. Ст. 426.
Конституція України від 28 червня 1996 р. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-вр (дата звернення 22.01.2019).
Мищак І. М. Законодавче забезпечення охорони культурної спадщини та шляхи його вдосконалення в Україні. Наукові записки Інституту законодавства Верховної Ради України. 2013. № 3. С. 31–37.
Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 2 kwietnia 1997 r. URL: http://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU19970780483/U/D19970483Lj.pdf (Access date: 04.02.2019).
Про охорону культурної спадщини : Закон України від 08.06.2000 р. № 1805-III. Відомості Верховної Ради України. 2000. No 39. Ст. 333.
O ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami. Ustawa z dnia 23 lipca 2003 r. URL: http://dziennikustaw.gov.pl/du/2003/s/162/1568 (Access date: 04.02.2018).
Sługocki J. Próby doprecyzowania pojęć prawnych na przykładzie ustawy z 23 lipca 2003 r. o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami. Między tradycją a przyszłością w nauce prawa administracyjnego. Księga jubileuszowa dedykowana Prof. Janowi Bociowi, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Wrocław 2009. S. 614–622.
Мищак І. М. Правове регулювання процесу формування й наповнення Державного реєстру нерухомих пам’яток України. Наукові записки Інституту законодавства Верховної Ради України. 2015. № 2. С. 15–20.
Мищак І. М. Нормативно-правове забезпечення формування Державного реєстру національного культурного надбання та шляхи його вдосконалення в Україні. Наукові записки Інституту законодавства Верховної Ради України. 2014. № 4. С. 19–24.
Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. Adopted by the General Conference at its seventeenth session Paris, 16 November 1972. URL: http://whc.unesco.org/uploads/activities/documents/activity-562-4.pdf [in English].
On the Cultural Heritage Protection: Law of Poland on February 15, 1962 [In Polish].
On the Custody of Monuments: Order of the President of Poland on March 6, 1928 [In Polish].
On the Protection and Use of Historical and Cultural Monuments: Law of Ukrainian SSR on July 13, 1978. No 3600-IX. The Official Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 1978. No. 30. Art. 426 [in Ukrainian].
Constitution of Ukraine: Law of Ukraine on June 28, 1996. No. 254к/96-ВР. The Official Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 1996. No. 30. Art. 141 [in Ukrainian].
Myshchak, I. M. (2013). Legal Regulation of the Cultural Heritage Protection and Ways of its Improvement in Ukraine. The Scientific Papers of the Legislation Institute of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 3, 31–37 [in Ukrainian].
Constitution of the Republic of Poland on April 2, 1997 [In Polish].
On the Cultural Heritage Protection: Law of Ukraine on June 8, 2000. No. 1805-III. The Official Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 2000. No 39. Art. 333 [in Ukrainian].
On the Protection of Monuments and Custody of Monuments: Law of Poland on July 23, 2003 [In Polish].
Sługocki, J. (2009). Attempts to clarify legal concepts in the example of the Law on the protection of monuments and the custody of monuments on July 23, 2003. Between tradition and future in the administrative law science. Anniversary book devoted to prof. Jan Boci. Wroclaw: Wroclaw University Press, 614–622 [In Polish].
Myshchak, I. M. (2015). Legal Regulation of the Process of the Formation and Filling of the State’s Register of the Immovable Monuments of Ukraine. The Scientific Papers of the Legislation Institute of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2, 15–20 [in Ukrainian].
Myshchak, I. M. (2014). Regulatory support of the State Cultural Heritage Register formation and ways of its improvement in Ukraine. The Scientific Papers of the Legislation Institute of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 4, 19–24 [in Ukrainian].
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
