Morphobiological Traits of New Sunflower Lines - Fertility Restorers

Abstract

Distinctness traits in new sunflower lines- fertility restorers were described: morphological characteristics of the plant, stem, leaf, and head. The lines’ diversity was determined for performance traits and oil content in seeds. The following early-ripening lines - fertility restorers were distinguished by performance: mono-headed lines ‘Kh 0013V’ and ‘Kh 1807V’ (40.98 and 42.32 g, respectively) and multi-headed line ‘Kh 1809V’ (25.04 g). Line ‘LHV’ was distinguished by seed oil content (53.91%). The greatest thousand seed weight of 75.8 g was recorded for line ‘Kh 0013V’, which may be of interest for breeding for large fruits. We identified valuable sunflower lines - fertility restorers, ‘Kh 1807V’ and ‘Kh 1818V’, with vegetation periods of 90 and 96 days, respectively, and flowering periods of 19 and 15 days; the lines combine great performance (42.32 g and 25.99 g) with resistance to the pathogen of downy mildew. We also selected two early-ripening, branched lines, ‘Kh 1803V’ and ‘Kh 1809V’, with lengths of the "emergence-anthesis" period of 54 and 56 days, respectively; the lines showed plant performance similar to that of the tester lines (19.39 g and 25.04 g, respectively) and significantly were superior to the latter in terms of seed oil content (49.22% and 49.16%). According to the results of the examination by the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine, sunflower lines - fertility restorers ‘Kh 1807V, ‘Kh 1818V’ (mono-headed), ‘Kh 1803V’ and ‘Kh 1809V’ (multi-headed) were superior to tester line ‘Kh 720 V’ in terms of performance and other breeding traits. The lines were included in the Bank of Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine.