Response of tuber progeny of interspecies potato hybrids to gamma-irradiation of botanical potato seeds in terms of the tuber number per bunch
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30835/2413-7510.2017.120422Keywords:
potato, the first tuber generation, ionizing irradiation, the tuber number per bunchAbstract
The article presents data on specific effects of heredity of the study material, gamma-irradiation doses and their combined influence on the tuber formation, including commercial and small tubers in the bunch, in progeny from backcrossing complex interspecies potato hybrids. The data were analyzed.
The aim and tasks of the study. So far, studies of radiation mutagenesis have been conducted in potato on material from interspecies crossings. They showed the prospectivity of this in the context of creating new starting breeding material and varieties. At the same time, ionizing irradiation was not used on material of interspecies origin. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the effect on the tuber number per bunch in the first tuber generation derived from interspecies hybridization after gamma-irradiation of botanical seeds.
Material and methods. Backcrosses from saturating crossings between secondary interspecies hybrids were taken as starting material for the study. The procedure was as follows: dry seeds were gamma-irradiated on a "Theratron Elit-80"; the source was 60Со. The irradiation doses were 100, 150 and 200 Gy. The control was untreated seeds. The first tuber generation was grown by the conventional method.
Results and discussions. The specific effects of heredity of the test material, irradiation doses and their combined influence on the tuber formation, including commercial and small tubers in the bunch, in progeny from backcrossing complex interspecies hybrids were revealed.
The progeny of the ‘10.6G38 x Letana’ population had a high potential to set commercial tubers in the control. A negative effect of the female form, backcross 08.195 / 73, on this parameter in another combination with this variety was proved. 100 Gy irradiation positively affected the commercial tuber setting in hybrid progeny. On average, the gain was 0.7 tuber/bunch compared to the control. The ‘08.195 / 73 x Letana’ population gave a specific response to 150 Gy irradiation with the difference of 0.1 tuber/bunch compared to the control, although in other two populations, ‘10.6 G38 x Letana’ and ‘08.195 / 73 x Mezhуrichka’, the effect of irradiation was maximal. On average, the largest difference in the commercial tuber number related to the control was recorded after 200 Gy irradiation, although there was no significant difference in this parameter between the combinations.
Negative effects of 100 and 150 Gy irradiation on small tuber setting were only observed in three combinations. All of them were of different origin, and the maximum difference related to the control was found in the ‘08.195 / 73 x Letana’ population after 100 Gy irradiation - 3.4 tubers / bunch.
Conclusions.After 100 and 150 Gy irradiation, the total number of tubers was lower than the control one in two populations. The maximum positive specific effect on the trait related to the control was recorded for the progeny of the ‘08.195 / 73 x Letana’ population (+ 5.1 tubers / bunch). Despite differences in the combined influence of the material heredity and irradiation doses, on average, the difference related to the control was similar for 150 and 200 GyReferences
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