Creation of pea breeding material with improved seed quality
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30835/2413-7510.2018.152127Keywords:
pea, breeding, yield, protein content, backcrossing, donorAbstract
The Study purpose was to create breeding material with increased seed quality (protein content) using backcrossing with varieties Kharkovskiy Yantarnyy and Banan as female forms.
Materials and methods. We used a crossing design, in which varieties Kharkovskiy Yantarnyy and Banan were taken as female forms and high-yielding varieties Kamelot, Maskara, Madonna, Tsarevich and Hlians –as male ones.
Results and discussion. Assessments for evenness, lodging resistance, performance and protein content as well as the 2013–2015 selections by seed form and cotyledon color in the control nursery allowed us to distinguish 4 lines SL 12-191 (Kharkovskiy Yantarnyy x Kamelot), SL 12-188 (Kharkovskiy Yantarnyy x Kamelot), SL 12-199 (Kharkovskiy Yantarnyy x Maskara), SL 12-186 (B1 (Banan x Tsarevich). Over the study years, the highest average yield (1.70 t/ha) was obtained from line SL 12-191 (Kharkovskiy Yantarnyy x Kamelot). It should be noted that the breeding lines were significantly superior to standard variety Deviz in terms of protein content in seeds over the study years and the protein content in seeds of lines SL 12-191 (Kharkovskiy Yantarnyy x Kamelot) and SL 12-199 (Kharkovskiy Yantarnyy x Maskara) exceeded that in the parents (25.59% and 25.74%, respectively). In a competitive trial in 2017–2018, line SL 15-37 (B2 (Banan x Maskara)) gave a significantly higher yield (by 2.60 t/ha) than standard Deviz, however, the protein content was significantly lower than that in the standard (18.39%). The protein content in seeds of lines SL 15-126 (Kharkovskiy Yantarnyy x Maskara), SL 12-199 (Kharkovskiy Yantarnyy x Maskara) and SL 15-95 (Banan x Kamelot) was significantly higher than that in the standard (19.66%, 19.82% and 19.72%, respectively, vs. 19.13% in standard variety Deviz).
Conclusions. The use of guaranteed donors in simple crossing and backcrossing designs allows one to quickly create breeding material with desirable features, which significantly increases the efficiency of the breeding process and quickly respond to market demands, and here work with the global gene pool of the crop in order to find sources, to establish their donor properties and to identify guaranteed donors becomes relevant.
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