Influence of mineral nutrition on yields and quality of soybean varieties
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30835/2413-7510.2020.207183Keywords:
soybean, variety, mineral nutrition, yield, quality, protein collectionAbstract
Purpose. To study the effect of mineral nutrition on yields and quality of soybean varieties.
Material and methods. The basic field experiments were carried out in the Department of Plant Production and Variety Investigation of the Plant Production Institute named after V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS of Ukraine in 2016–2018. Soil – deep weakly leached granular chernozem. The experimental data were statistically processed by analysis of variance.
Result and discussion. The period of 2016–2018 had rather difficult weather conditions for the growth and development of soybean compared to the multi-year average. It was characterized by water deficit during the crucial phases (anthesis, grain setting and filling), especially in combination with high air temperatures.
Varieties ES Mentor, ES Senator, Muza, Oleksandryt, Krasunia tended to give rather high yields due to the natural fertility of soil without fertilizers. Over 2.00 t/ha of seeds were obtained. The seed yields of other soybean varieties under these conditions ranged from 1.28 t/ha in variety Pysanka to 1.93 t/ha in variety Melodiia.
On organic mineral nutrition, the highest yields were produced by the same varieties as in the control and by variety Korada (2.04–2.44 t/ha). The yields of other varieties on such mineral nutrition ranged 1.18 t/ha in variety Sloboda to 1.91 t/ha in varieties Adamos and Raiduha.
During the study period, the maximum protein collection was from ES Mentor - 1.727 t/ha in the control and 1.650 t/ha with application of 30 t/ha of manure + N30P60K60 as the basic fertilizer. The protein collection was sufficiently high (1.503 t/ha and 1.060 t/ha) from ES Senator, when it was grown on the respective mineral nutrition backgrounds.
Conclusions. In 2016–2018, the average yield of soybean was 1.82 t/ha, with fluctuations from 1.18 t/ha to 2.44 t/ha, depending on the experimental factors. ES Mentor (2.38 t/ha), ES Senator (2.23 t ha), Oleksandryt (2.14 t/ha), and Muza (2.11 t/ha) gave the highest yields. ES Mentor, ES Senator, Muza, Oleksandryt, and Krasunia tended to give rather high yields due to the natural fertility of the soil, without fertilizers - more than 2.00 t/ha of seeds.
The maximum protein collection of 1.727 t/ha in the control and of 1.650 t/ha with application of 30 t/ha of manure + N60P60K60 as the basic fertilizer was from ES Mentor; sufficiently high (1.503 t/ha and 1.06 t/ha, respectively) this parameter was in ES Senator.
Thus, it is recommended to grow soybean varieties ES Mentor, ES Senator, Krasunia, and Oleksandryt, which produce 1.401 – 1.717 t/ha of protein.
References
Bhandwaj HS, Bhagzari AS. Harvest index, yield and physiological characteristics of soybean as related to seed size. Soybean genetics newsletter. 1989; 16:133–136.
Soybeans: cultivation, nutrition, fertilizers. URL: http://pni.com.ua/soya-vy`roshhuvannya-zhy`vlennya-udobrennya/ (12.01.18).
Sichkar V. An unconventional approach to increasing soybean yield. URL: https://propozitsiya.com/ua/netradiciyniy-pidhid-do-pidvishchennya-urozhaynosti-soyi-0. (27.01.2020).
Biliavska L, Pylypenko O. Tips for choosing a soybean variety for the manufacturer. Agroexpert. 2016; 3(92). URL: https://agroexpert.ua/poradi-sodo-viboru-sortu-soi-dla-virobnika/. (27.01.2020).
Kalinichenko VM. Agro-ecological substantiation and modeling of the influence of climatic conditions on the yield and quality of soybean grain in the central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. [dissertation]. Zhytomyr, 2005. URL: https://studfile.net/preview/8177717/. (27.01.2020).
Tsekhmejstruk M, Sheliakin V, Kostromitin V. Weather factors and soybean. Agronomiia Siogodni. 2018. URL: http://agro-business.com.ua/agro/ahronomiia-sohodni/item/10051-pohodni-faktory-i-soia.html. (09.08.18).
Kondratiuk S. The art of soybean cultivation. Agronom. 2015. URL: https://agronom.com.ua/239/. (27.01.2020).
Demyanenko VV. Key elements of modern technologies of soybean cultivation. Agroskop International. 2014; 1: 13–19. URL: http://ukraine-pulse.org/images/doc/2.pdf (27.01.2020).
Tsekhmeystruk MG, Sheliakin VO, Glubokyy OM. Application of fertilizers and optimization of soil fertility for soybean. Sel. Nasinn. 2018; 113: 227–234. DOI: 10.30835/2413-7510.2018.134386.
Tsekhmejstruk MG, Sheliakin VO, Kostromitin VM, Magomedov RD. Soybean cultivation under climate changes. Fundamentals of field crop production management. In: VV Kyrychenko, ed. Kharkiv: Plant Production Institute nd. a. V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS, 2016. P. 654–672.
Tsekhmejstruk NG, Sheliakin VA, Magomedov RD. Yield capacity of soybean varieties, depending on the climatic conditions of a growing zone. Vestnik Belorusskoy gosudarstvennoy selskokhoziaystvennoy akademii. 2016; 3: 49–52.
Tsekhmejstruk MG, Sheliakin VO, Magomedov RD. Yields and quality of soybean varieties, depending on weather conditions in the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine. Visnyk Tsentru Naukovoho Zabezpechennia APV Kharkivskoi Oblasti 2016. Issue 21. P. 99-111.
Dospekhov BA. Methods of field experience. Moscow: Kolos, 1968. 336 p.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 M. G. Tsekhmeystruk, V. O. Sheliakin, O. M. Glubokyy, Т. А. Sheliakinа
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
When placing the text in electronic resources, the copyright is reserved by the author of a publication.
Authors may not agree with referee’s(s’) comments and remarks of the Editorial Board, rationalizing their point of view.
Authors may require clarification from or the Editorial Board or changes in the event of significant errors in their article.
Authors can use materials published in the journal Selection and Seed Industry in their work, mandatorily referring to our journal.
