Yield level and stability in corn hybrids of different ripeness groups
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30835/2413-7510.2021.251032Keywords:
corn, yield, hybrid, ripeness groupAbstract
Purpose. To determine the yield and agronomic stability of new corn hybrids bred at the Plant Production Institute named after V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS under climatic changes.
Materials and methods. Twenty-eight experimental hybrids derived from lines of different genetic origins were studied. The field experiments were carried out in compliance with conventional techniques.
Results and discussion. Of the hybrids tested, eight mid-early and two mid-ripening hybrids were distinguished, as their yields were higher than those of the conditional check hybrids by 0.42–2.32 t/ha. In addition to yield, the harvest moisture in grain is an important criterion for evaluating hybrids. In all study years, the harvest moisture in grain of the corn hybrids was at or below the standard. The maximum average yields in 2016–2018 were produced by mid-early hybrids Vektor (8.13 t/ha), KhA Bolid (8.19 t/ha), and Arho (8.13 t/a) and by mid-ripening hybrid UKhL 228 / KhA 408 (7.1 t/ha), exceeding the corresponding conditional check hybrids by 23–24%. When analyzing the corn hybrid yields depending on the growing zone, namely Steppe, Forest-Steppe and Woodlands, we noted that their average yield was 5.58, 8.96 and 7.13 t/ha, respectively. Of the hybrids studied, Vektor and Stavr provided the highest yields of 9.49 t/ha and 9.59 t/ha, respectively, with the grain moisture of 18% in the Forest-Steppe.
Conclusions. The yield level and stability in the corn hybrids of different ripeness groups were evaluated. The hybrids gave high or moderate yields and were noticeable for high agronomic stability, providing consistently high yields under deteriorating growing conditions. Based to the trial results, three mid-early corn hybrids, Liubchyk (FAO 240), Stavr (FAO 290) and Vektor (FAO 270), were included in the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine.
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Copyright (c) 2022 M. V. Kapustian, N.M. Muzafarov, L.M. Chernobay, V.P. Kolomatska, N.Yu. Yegorova, N.V. Kuzmishina, N.V. Kuzmishina
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