Influence of the sowing period and denesityon yield and yield components of three semi -winter wheat varieties

Authors

  • Qiaoyan Chen Henan Institute of Science and Technology; Sumy National Agrarian University, China
  • Xingqi Ou Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China
  • Wenhui Wie Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China
  • Nataliya Kandyba Sumy National Agrarian University, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30835/2413-7510.2021.251041

Keywords:

wheat, sowing date, density, yield, yield components, semi-winter wheat varieties

Abstract

Three semi-winter wheat varieties Zhoumai 18, Zhoumai 22 and Bainong 207 were selected as materials for this study to study quality seeds and reliable methods capable of supporting the dominant wheat cultivation technology in southern Huanghuai. In our experiments, each variety was used in six sowing times and seven planting densities. The results showed that: (1) varieties had significant effects on yield and yield components. The yield among different varieties in the order of high and low was Bainong 207 >Zhoumai 22 >Zhoumai 18; suitable sowing date from October 1 to October 22, and the density is 300 ~ 525 × 104 plant·hm-2. (2) The interaction of the date and planting density affects the yield and its constituent factors.The best combination of sowing date and density for Zhoumai 18 and Bainong 207 were 450×104 plant·hm-2 on October 8, and the yields were 10829.0 kg·hm-2 and 11891.7 kg·hm-2, respectively, and Zhoumai 22 is 450 × 104 plant·hm-2 on October 15 and the yield is 10792.5kg·hm-2. It can be seen that the best sowing date is October 8~15, and the seeding density is 450 × 104 plant·hm-2. All three varieties showed that the spikes was higher during the high-density and the suitable sowing date treatment (October 8~15, 525~675 × 104 plant·hm-2), and the grain number per spike was higher when the density was suitable (300-525 ×104 plant·hm-2), the thousand-grain weight is higher in the low-density treatment (225~300 × 104 plant·hm-2). (3) There are significant differences in the percentage of tiller among different varieties. The order of the three varieties is Bainong 207 >Zhoumai 18 >Zhoumai 22. With the postponement of the sowing date and the increase of the sowing density, the population tiller number (PTN) increased, and the percentage of earring-tiller gradually decreased. In summary, the appropriate sowing date and density can make the yield and its constituent factors make full use of light energy and water which build a reasonable population structure, and increase yield.

References

Zhang Dingyi, ZhangYongqing,Yan Cuiping et al. Effects of genotype, sowing date and plant-ing density on grain filling and yiel of wheat varieties with different ears forming characteris-tics. Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology. 2009; 15(1): 28–34.

GuoTiancai, Zhu Yunji , Wang Chenyang et al. Study on yield formation of two kinds of spike of winter wheat cultivars and their key cultivation techniques for super-high yield. Review of China Agricultural Science and Technology. 2004; 64:46–50.

Yang Chunling,Guan Li, Hou Junhong et al. Study on the yield components of wheat in Huang-huai Region. Shandong Agricultural Sciences. 2007; 4:19–23.

Zhang Yongli, Yu Zhenwen, Wang Dong et al. Effects of different densities on grain quality and yield in winter wheat. Shandong Agricultural Sciences. 2004; (5): 29–30.

Zhai Huqu. Reflection on China’s food security strategy. Issues in Agricultural Economy. 2011.

Liu Wandai,Chen Xianyong, Yin Jun et al .Effect of sowing date and planting density on popu-lation trait and grain yield of winter wheat cultivar Yumai 49–19,8. Journal of Triticeae Crops. 2009; 29(3): 464–469.

Ma Dongqin,WangXiaowei, ZhuYoupeng et al. Effect of sowing time and seedling density on the yield formation of a new wheat cultivar Yunong 202. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2010; 26 (1): 91–94.

Ma Rong hui, Zhu Yunji, GuoTiancai et al. Effects of planting date and seed rate in group de-velopment and yield of Guomai 1. Shandong Agricultural Sciences. 2004; 4: 12–15.

Xu Mengbin, Hou Lili, Wang Fei et al. Effects of different sowing dates and planting densities on barley yield and its components. Barley and Cereal Sciences. 2019; 5.

Li Xiaohang, Ma Huaping. Sowing date and planting density: effect on yield formation of win-ter wheat cultivar Xin Mai 29. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2019; 35(536-29): 20–25.

Tan Juan, Wang Jingshao, Dong Wei et al. Effects of planting density, sowing date and nitro-gen application dosageon wheat yield and quality. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences. 2019; 47(628-15): 43–44.

Tian Xin, Sun Min, Gao Zhiqiang et al. Effects of sowing date and seeding rate on soil water consumption and plant nitrogen translocation in dryland wheat.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology. 2019; 30(10): 3443–3451.

Zhang Qiaofeng, Chen Mingtang, Fu BIsheng et al. Effects of sowing date, density and ni-trogen management on growth and yield of new wheat cultivar Ningmaizi 126 with late planting resistance. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences. 2019; 47(16): 123–126.

Hua Wang, Fuwen Ke, Hailin Wang et al. Effects of sowing time, density and fertilizer applica-tion on the economic characters of Zhuoyou 058. Agricultural Biotechnology. 2019; 3:54–56.

Wang Fangrui. Effects of seeding rate on yield in wheat cultivars from different eras and its physiological basis. Nanjing Agricultural University, 2012.

Zhou Xiaohu, He Mingrong, Dai Xinglong et al .Effects of sowing time and density on yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency of different wheat varieties. Shandong Agricultural Sciences. 2013; 45(009): 65–69.

Wang Lina, Yin Guihong, Han Yulin et al. Effects of different planting date and density on yield and yield components of winter wheat Zhoumai 18.Crops. 2012; 000(001): 102–104.

Cao Jun. Research and application of integrated techniques with high yield, high quality and multi-resistance for the new wheat variety Zhoumai 22. Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2011; 05(17-171): 66–67+104.

Li Hongzhuang, Li Haozhong, Xie Yanchen. Effect of different sowing date and density on the new wheat variety Bainong 207. Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology. 2016; 530(02): 52–54.

Chen Da. Genetic Analysis and fine mapping A QTL GN1.2 controlling grain number in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Yangzhou University, 2017.

Zhang Wen, Cao Guangcai, Li Jianhua et al. Environmental variation of the heading period of common wheat varieties and its thermo–photo–period model. Southwest China Journal of Agri-cultural Sciences. 1993; 000(003): 21–26.

Sun Ben Pu, Wang Yong, Li Xiu Yun et al. The effect of climatic elements on the grain number per spike of winter wheat. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture. 2004; 12(3): 137–139.

Wang Xiao-Nan, Fu Lian-Shuang , Li Zhuo-Fu et al. Morphogenesis and physiological basis in wheat cultivars with different levels of cold-resistance during cold acclimation and freezing pe-riod. Acta Agronomica Sinica. 2009; 35(007): 1313–1319.

Downloads

Published

2021-12-30

Issue

No. 120 (2021)

Section

PLANT PRODUCTION, SEED INDUSTRY AND SEED STUDYING

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Qiaoyan Chen, Xingqi Ou, Wenhui Wie, Nataliya Kandyba

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

When placing the text in electronic resources, the copyright is reserved by the author of a publication.

Authors may not agree with referee’s(s’) comments and remarks of the Editorial Board, rationalizing their point of view.

Authors may require clarification from or the Editorial Board or changes in the event of significant errors in their article.

Authors can use materials published in the journal Selection and Seed Industry in their work, mandatorily referring to our journal.