Inheritance of Large Seed Fraction Output by Winter Bread Wheat Hybrids
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30835/2413-7510.2024.306967Keywords:
Triticum aestivum, fraction, transgression, yield, seedsAbstract
Abstract: Nonequivalence of seeds to be sown is considered as a cause of reduced yields. The purposeof this study was to establish the inheritance patterns of the large seed fraction output by the offspring from crossing cultivars with various outputs of the large fraction. The following cultivars were used for the research: 'Pryvitna' with a high output of the large seed fraction (2.8+ mm fraction; 73.3%), 'Krasa Laniv' with a low output of the large seed fraction (57.4%), 'Alians' and 'Zapashna' with moderate outputs (66.8% and 64.0%, respectively). The cultivars were crossed in a complete diallel scheme. The transgression frequency and degree were determined in the third generation. Hybrid combinations originated from parents with boundary values of the trait had the lowest frequency of transgression for the large seed fraction output. Combinations of accessions with low and moderate outputs of the large seed fraction increased both the frequency and degree of transgression. Hybrid combinations between parents with high and moderate outputs of the large seed fraction are promising for thye breeding for this trait. High frequency and degree of transgression for yield were recorded for in hybrid combinations created without the most productive cv. 'Zapashna'. Thus, hybrid combinations 'Alians'/'Pryvitna' and 'Pryvitna'/'Alians' appeared to be promising for the breeding for the "large seed fraction output" trait (frequency of transgressions = 22 and 14%; degree = 12.0 and 17.3%, respectively ); combination 'Alians'/'Pryvitna', 'Pryvitna'/'Alians', 'Krasa Laniv'/'Alians' and 'Alians'/'Krasa Laniv' seemed promising for the breeding for the "yield" trait (frequency of transgressions = 10, 16, 24, and 24%; degree = 16.9, 21.5, 28.5, and 14.7, respectively). When crossing cultivars with a low or moderate output of the large seedv fraction, the large fraction output was reduced, but the outputs of the medium and small seed fractions were increased. In combinations of accessions with low and moderate outputs of the large seed fraction, both the frequency and degree of transgressions were increased.
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