Using of the trait “sterility – fertility” for selection of wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms of triticale
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30835/2413-7510.2015.54030Keywords:
triticale, wheat-rye chromosome substitutions, crosses, sterility, fertilityAbstract
The aim and tasks of the study. To evaluate possibility of selection of wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms of triticale by the trait "sterility - fertility" by examining the first generation hybrids from crosses between triticale with known genomic formula and triticale in which wheat-rye chromosome substitutions by the trait "sterility - fertility" are expected.
Material and methods. The winter triticale varieties Avatar, Yunga, Ladnoye, Rozovskiy 6 and forms obtained by crossing three species triticale with spelta 57/13, 95/13, 220/13 and 116/13 were used for crosses. To detect wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms of triticale we crossed triticale varieties with known genomic formula and triticale forms in which wheat-rye chromosome substitutions were expected with the variety Avatar in the following combinations: Rozovskiy 6 × Avatar, Avatar × Yunga, Avatar × Ladnoye, 57/13 × Avatar, 220/13 × Avatar, 95/13 × Avatar, 116/13 × Avatar. Evaluation of the first generation hybrids by the trait "sterility - fertility" was carried out in the flowering phase.
Results and discussion. The studies found that the first generation hybrids from crossing sample 116/13 with the variety Avatar were sterile. This allowed us to state that this sample had wheat-rye substitution of chromosomes. Electrophoresis of storage proteins of sample 116/13 was carried out. It confirmed partial wheat-rye chromosome substitution in this sample. Centric rye-wheat translocation 1RS.1AL was found in sample 116/13. The studies demonstrated that it was possible to select wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms of triticale by the trait "sterility - fertility". On this basis a method of selection of wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms triticale was developed.
Conclusions. 1. Sterility of the first generation hybrids from crosses between triticale with known genomic formula with triticale having wheat-rye chromosome substitutions was detected.
2. Apossibility of selection of wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms of triticale by the trait "sterility - fertility" was rationalized, which allowed developing a method of selection of wheat-rye chromosome-substituted forms of triticale (Ukrainian patent for utility model No 59585).
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