Genetic determination of dwarfism sign in line of hemp (cannabis sativa l.) Varieties hlukhivs'ki 58

Abstract

Dwarf plants were found in a population of monoecious hemp, variety Glukhivski 58 (Victoriya) and progeny from self-pollination. These plants were related to pleiotropic action of male sterility genes. Din terms of general and technical length, inflorescence length, stem and fiber weight, fiber content, seed weight and number dwarf plants were inferior to normally developed ones by several times. By internode number, leaf length, length and width of the middle part of a leaf, and leaf width dwarf plants were significantly inferior than normally developed plants, but leaf lobe number did not significantly differ. A dwarf plant resembles a normally developed specimen of hemp in miniature.

The aim and tasks of the study. The aim of our study was to determine peculiarities of inheritance of dwarfism in hemp.

Material and Methods. The study was conducted in 2010–2014 at the Research Station of Bast Crops of the Institute of Agriculture of Northern-East of NААS. Hybridological analysis of progeny was used.

Results and Discussion. In F₂ the ratio between plants of normal height and dwarf plants was 13 to 3. It indicates that this trait is controlled by two genes. Basing on the analysis of F₂ plants and absence of intermediate inheritance of this trait, we hypothesized that the trait “normal height/dwarfism” is determined by two genes that interact by recessive epistasis.

Conclusions. Dwarfism in the hemp line of the variety Glukhivski 58 (Victoriya) is determined by recessive gene and gene-suppressor that interact by recessive epistasis. This genetic scheme of inheritance is formal because biochemical mechanisms of dwarfism of hemp are not known. The trait of dwarfism can be used as a marker.