Methods for long-term resource-saving storage of seeds of maize hybrids

Abstract

Long-term production-scale storage of maize seeds is used for creation of initial breeding material and reserve stocks. The most of long-term storage technologies are based on low temperatures and require special isolated silos, so they are energy- and resource-consuming.

The aim and tasks of the study. To establish resource-saving storage methods, to identify factors that ensure seed safety and quality over a long period.

Material and methods. Seeds with various moisture content and of various size, dressed and non-dressed, packed in different material were stored. Seeds of common maize hybrids (Zbruch, Borozenskiy 277 MW) and sugar maize hybrids (Kabanets, Surpriz) were stored.

Results and discussion. Influence of storage factors on resistance, sowing and harvest properties of hybrid seeds was investigated. At a lower moisture content - 10-11 and 7-8%, resistance increased as compared with the moisture content of 13-14%. The influence of moisture content depends on a container, in which seeds were stored. Dense material (polyethylene) affects positively and preserves the original high quality (germinability, yield capacity) at a lower moisture content. Resistance and quality also increased, if larger seeds from sowing factions I and II were stored. Dressing affected, depending on the time of chemical treatment; pre-sowing treatment after the end of seed storage was the most effective .

Conclusions. The methods for resource-saving production-scale storage of seed breeding material and reserve stocks ensuring their high sowing and yield qualities were developed. The methods include a combination of low moisture content with larger seeds, sealed packaging and pre-sowing dressing. Under these conditions, seeds remain economically suitable for 3-5 years, depending on maize hybrids.