Influence of presowing gamma – irradiation of amaranth seeds on the frequency of mitotic disorders in root meristem
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30835/2413-7510.2016.74209Keywords:
amaranth, mitotic activity, gamma rays, mitosis, cell, chromosomal abnormalities, bridges, frag-mentsAbstract
Studies of mitotic activity, frequency and range of chromosomal aberrations in cells of root meristem in the first post-irradiation mitotic cycles enable us to reliably assess levels of primary damage in the genetic system and activity of repairing processes.
The aim and tasks of the study. The purpose was to study effects of various doses of gamma- rays on the frequency of mitotic disorders in root meristem of different amaranth varieties.
The objectives were to determin the optimum temperature for germination of amaranth seeds and to select a dye for staining amaranth roots.
Materials and methods. Three amaranth varieties were used in the research: Students, Kharkov -1 and Sem gamma-irradiated at the doses of 15 Gy, 30 Gy, 40 Gy, 150 Gy, 400 Gy and 700 Gy. The anaphase method was used to determine the frequency of mitotic disorders.
Results and discussion. In general, the frequency of mitotic disorders in amaranth root meristem after gamma-irradiation of Students, Kharkov – 1 and Sem varieties significantly varied. The varieties differed by the fragment and bridge numbers in cells, which were higher as doses of mutagen increased.
For example, 15 Gy of Students caused resulted in nine cells with disorders (five with bridges and four with fragments), and in Sem variety after exposure to the same dose eight damaged cells were found (three with fragments and five with bridges).
Conclusions. Thus, the research revealed that the varieties of amaranth, A. hуpochondriacus, (Sem, Kharkov -1 and Students) were susceptible to gamma-rays. The research showed that the higher dose of gamma-rays was, the higher the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities became. 400 Gy and 700 Gy were lethal to amaranth. After 150 Gy, the percentage of disorders increased from 6.7% to 7.7% in Sem variety and in Kharkov - 1 variety.
References
Hoptsiy, TI. Amaranth: biology, cultivation, prospects of use, selection. Kharkiv: Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchayev; 1999. 272 p.
Klimenko YaV, Larchenko KA. Frequency of chromosome aberration of fall wheat, induced by mutagens at seeds and underground seedlings. Physiologya i biokhimiya kulturnykh rasteniy. 2006; 38(3): 222-227.
Larchenko YeA, Morgun VV. Comparative analysis of plants’ genetic variation at mutagenic processing of corn generative cells and seeds. Cytology and Genetics. 2000; 34(4): 16-20.
Morgun, VV. Autonomic and induced mutagenic variation and its application in plants selection. Genetics and selection in Ukraine at the turn of the millenniums. Кyiv: Logos; 2001. Vol. 2. P. 144–174.
Pausheva, ZP. Laboratory course in plant cytology. Мoscow: Nauka; 1980. 304 p.
Rokitskyi, PI. Biostatistics. Мoscow: Nauka; 1974. 232 p.
Teferi JV. Development of output materials for the selection of spring barley with separate and complex use of gamma rays and chemical mutagens [autoabstract]. [Kharkiv, Ukraine]: Plant Production Institute nd. a VYa Yuriev of NAAS; 2000.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2016 О. В. Гудим, Т. І. Гопцій
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
When placing the text in electronic resources, the copyright is reserved by the author of a publication.
Authors may not agree with referee’s(s’) comments and remarks of the Editorial Board, rationalizing their point of view.
Authors may require clarification from or the Editorial Board or changes in the event of significant errors in their article.
Authors can use materials published in the journal Selection and Seed Industry in their work, mandatorily referring to our journal.
