Informativeness of biochemical markers of connective tissue metabolism in canine babesiosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-8025.2022.266451Keywords:
dogs, babesiosis, diagnosis, biochemical markers, connective tissue, metabolism, informativeness, glycoproteins, sialic acids, chondroitinsulfatesAbstract
The aim: to analyze the diagnostic informativeness of biochemical markers of connective tissue in the blood of dogs with babesiosis.
Materials and methods. German Shepherd (n=7), Labrador Retriever (n=3) and Rottweiler (n=2) dogs aged 1 to 5 years and diagnosed with babesiosis were studied. As a control group, clinically healthy dogs were used, which came to the veterinary clinic for a preventive examination, the age of the animals was from 1 to 5 years (n=10). The animals were examined according to the following scheme: collection of anamnestic data, clinical examination according to generally accepted methods, general and biochemical blood analysis, urine examination. Glycoproteins in blood serum were determined according to Shteinberg – Dotsenko, sialic acids – according to the Hess method, chondroitin sulfates – Nemeth–Csoka in the modification of L.I. Slutsky.
Results. The biochemical examination of the blood revealed the presence of acute cytolytic syndrome and cholestasis in the animal's body. Cholestasis in sick animals was characterized by an increase in the content of bilirubin and the activity of alkaline phosphatase, as well as an increase in the content of β-lipoproteins. The increase in the content of total bilirubin in the blood was obviously due mainly to its unconjugated fraction, since intravascular hemolysis took place. In the blood serum of patients with babesiosis in dogs, there was an increase in the content of markers of connective tissue metabolism – glycoproteins by 1.63, sialic acids – by 1.36, and chondroitin sulfates by 1.8 times, respectively.
Conclusions. Glycoproteins have "acute phase proteins" in their composition, which are indicators for assessing the degree of the inflammatory process in the body of dogs with babesiosis. Sialic acids are components of sialoproteins, which are also markers of the inflammatory process and destructive changes in the body. An increase in the content of chondroitin sulfates in the blood during babesiosis indicates the development of a compensatory reaction, associated with the action of toxic hemolysis products on the endothelium of blood vessels. Thus, the increased content of biochemical markers of connective tissue in the blood of dogs with babesiosis indicates the presence of a systemic inflammatory-protective reaction in animals, which makes it possible to recommend them for assessing the acute phase of the inflammatory process in the body and protecting blood vessels from damage due to toxic hemolysis
References
- Kuleš, J., Bilić, P., Beer Ljubić, B., Gotić, J., Crnogaj, M., Brkljačić, M., Mrljak, V. (2018). Glomerular and tubular kidney damage markers in canine babesiosis caused by Babesia canis. Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases, 9 (6), 1508–1517. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.07.012
- Sarma, K., Gonmei, C., Roychoudhury, P., Ali, Ma., Singh, D., Prasad, H. et al. (2020). Molecular diagnosis and clinico-hemato-biochemical alterations and oxidant–antioxidant biomarkers in Babesia-infected dogs of Mizoram, India. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases, 57 (3), 226–233. doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-9062.311775
- Ullal, T., Birkenheuer, A., Vaden, S. (2018). Azotemia and Proteinuria in Dogs Infected with Babesia gibsoni. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, 54 (3), 156–160. doi: https://doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-6693
- Zygner, W., Rodo, A., Gójska-Zygner, O., Górski, P., Bartosik, J., Kotomski, G. (2021). Disorders in blood circulation as a probable cause of death in dogs infected with Babesia canis. Journal of Veterinary Research, 65 (3), 277–285. doi: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2021-0036
- Ranatunga, R. A. S., Dangolla, A., Sooriyapathirana, S. D. S. S., Rajakaruna, R. S. (2022). High Asymptomatic Cases of Babesiosis in Dogs and Comparison of Diagnostic Performance of Conventional PCR vs Blood Smears. Acta Parasitologica, 67 (3), 1217–1223. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-022-00549-x
- Huber, D., Beck, A., Anzulović, Ž., Jurković, D., Polkinghorne, A., Baneth, G., Beck, R. (2017). Microscopic and molecular analysis of Babesia canis in archived and diagnostic specimens reveal the impact of anti-parasitic treatment and postmortem changes on pathogen detection. Parasites & Vectors, 10 (1). doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2412-1
- Chizh, A. S., Pilotovich, V. S., Kolb, V. G. (2004). Nefrologiia i urologiia. Minsk: Knizhnyi dom, 464.
- Kamyshnikov, V. S. (2003). Kliniko-biokhimicheskaia laboratornaia diagnostika. Minsk: Interpresservis, 495.
- Morozenko, D. V., Leonteva, F. S. (2016). Research methods markers of connective tissue metabolism in modern clinical and experimental medicine. Young Scientist, 2, 168–172.
- Goralska, I., Pinsky, О. (2016). Indicators hematopoiesis dog for babesiosis. Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Veterinary Sciences, 18 (2 (66)), 40–43. doi: https://doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet6609
- Solano-Gallego, L., Sainz, Á., Roura, X., Estrada-Peña, A., Miró, G. (2016). A review of canine babesiosis: the European perspective. Parasites & Vectors, 9 (1). doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-016-1596-0
- Ryanto, G. R. T., Yorifuji, K., Ikeda, K., Emoto, N. (2020). Chondroitin sulfate mediates liver responses to injury induced by dual endothelin receptor inhibition. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 98 (9), 618–624. doi: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2019-0649
- Matijatko, V., Mrljak, V., Kiš, I., Kučer, N., Foršek, J., Živičnjak, T., Romić, Ž., Šimec, Z., Ceron, J. J. (2007). Evidence of an acute phase response in dogs naturally infected with Babesia canis. Veterinary Parasitology, 144 (3-4), 242–250. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.10.004
- Milanović, Z., Beletić, A., Vekić, J., Zeljković, A., Andrić, N., Božović, A. I. et. al. (2020). Evidence of acute phase reaction in asymptomatic dogs naturally infected with Babesia canis. Veterinary Parasitology, 282, 109140. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2020.109140
- Guedes, P. L. R., Carvalho, C. P. F., Carbonel, A. A. F., Simões, M. J., Icimoto, M. Y., Aguiar, J. A. K. et. al. (2022). Chondroitin Sulfate Protects the Liver in an Experimental Model of Extra-Hepatic Cholestasis Induced by Common Bile Duct Ligation. Molecules, 27 (3), 654. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030654
- Nagano, F., Mizuno, T., Mizumoto, S., Yoshioka, K., Takahashi, K., Tsuboi, N. et. al. (2018). Chondroitin sulfate protects vascular endothelial cells from toxicities of extracellular histones. European Journal of Pharmacology, 826, 48–55. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.043
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Dmytro Morozenko, Yevheniia Vashchyk, Andriy Zakhariev, Nataliia Seliukova, Kateryna Gliebova, Dmytro Berezhnyi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Our journal abides by the Creative Commons CC BY copyright rights and permissions for open access journals.
Authors, who are published in this journal, agree to the following conditions:
1. The authors reserve the right to authorship of the work and pass the first publication right of this work to the journal under the terms of a Creative Commons CC BY, which allows others to freely distribute the published research with the obligatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this journal.
2. The authors have the right to conclude separate supplement agreements that relate to non-exclusive work distribution in the form in which it has been published by the journal (for example, to upload the work to the online storage of the journal or publish it as part of a monograph), provided that the reference to the first publication of the work in this journal is included.
