Comparative analysis of polysaccharides of Rosa × damascena Mill. buds and flower petals

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2025.323305

Keywords:

Rosa × damascena, essential oils, water-soluble polysaccharides, pectins, fractionation, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Abstract

The aim. The aim of the work was a comparative study of polysaccharides of Rosa × damascena buds and flower petals after obtaining essential oils.

Materials and methods. The water distillation technique was used to determine the essential oils (EO) content in buds and flower petals of R. × damascena. The content of water-soluble polysaccharides (WSPS) and pectins (PC) from buds and flower petals of R. ×damascena was obtained using the fractionation method after EO were isolated. Free and bound monosaccharides in WSPS from R. × damascena buds and flower petals were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method. Agilent 6890N / 5973 inert gas chromato-mass spectrometric system (Agilent Technologies, USA) was used for the chromatographic separation with HP-5ms capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 mm, Agilent Technologies, USA). The filtrates obtained after WSPS precipitation of buds and flower petals were analyzed by chemical reactions.

Results. The results showed that the EO concentration in buds and flower petals of R. × damascena was 0.033 ± 0.005 % and 0.015 ± 0.002 %, respectively. The WSPS content was 10.33 ± 0.31 % in buds and 9.69 ± 0.25 % in flower petals. In addition, the PC content in buds was 4.35 ± 0.14 % and in flower petals 7.88 ± 0.15 %. GC/MS analysis revealed that WSPS from buds of R. × damascena composed of monosaccharides arabinose, fucose, mannose, glucose, galactose, and inositol. WSPS of R. damascena flower petals consist of arabinose, fucose, glucose, galactose, and inositol. Glucose is present in a higher amount. Analysis of the filtrate of buds and flower petals obtained after WSPS precipitation by chemical reactions shows the presence of flavonoids, tannins and triterpene saponins.

Conclusions. The total content of WSPS in flower buds did not significantly exceed the content of these compounds in flower petals of R. × damascena. The PC content in flower buds was significantly lower (4.35±0.14 %) than in flower petals (7.88±0.15 %). It can be assumed that WSPS and PCS could be responsible for the high swelling index.

The study of WSPS by GC/MS indicates the predominance of glucose and galactose in both types of raw materials, as well as differences in the qualitative and quantitative content of monosaccharides in the composition of WSPS of flower buds and flower petals.

The study of the filtrate of flower buds and petals of R. × damascena, obtained after precipitating WSPS by chemical reactions, indicates the presence of phenolic compounds and triterpene saponins.

The results obtained indicate the possibility of obtaining WSPS, PC, and an extract rich in phenolic compounds and triterpene saponins after extraction of EO from buds and flower petals of R. × damascena by hydrodistillation

Author Biographies

Zead Helmi Abudayeh, Isra University

Doctor of Philosophy Pharmaceutical Sciences, Associate Professor

Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences

Uliana Karpiuk, Bogomolets National Medical University

Doctor of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Professor

Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany

Qais Abualassal, Isra University

Doctor of Philosophy Pharmaceutical Sciences, Associate Professor

Medicinal Chemistry and Technology Department

David K Robinson, Truman State University

Professor of History Emeritus

Department of History

Yevheniia Vereskun, Bogomolets National Medical University

Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany

Rami Yousef Mohammed Ayoub, Isra University

Doctor of Philosophy Pharmaceutical Sciences, Associate Professor

Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences

References

  1. Mohammed, A. S. A., Naveed, M., Jost, N. (2021). Polysaccharides; Classification, Chemical Properties, and Future Perspective Applications in Fields of Pharmacology and Biological Medicine (A Review of Current Applications and Upcoming Potentialities). Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 29 (8), 2359–2371. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-021-02052-2
  2. Guo, H., Zhang, W., Jiang, Y., Wang, H., Chen, G., Guo, M. (2019). Physicochemical, Structural, and Biological Properties of Polysaccharides from Dandelion. Molecules, 24 (8), 1485. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24081485
  3. Michaud, P. (2018). Polysaccharides from Microalgae, What’s Future? Advances in Biotechnology & Microbiology, 8 (2). https://doi.org/10.19080/aibm.2018.08.555732
  4. van Dam, J. E. G., van den Broek, L. A. M., Boeriu, C. G. (2017). Polysaccharides in Human Health Care. Natural Product Communications, 12 (6), 821–830. https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1701200604
  5. Di Donato, P., Poli, A., Taurisano, V., Nicolaus, B.; Ramawat, K., Mérillon, J. M. (Eds.) (2014). Polysaccharides: Applications in Biology and Biotechnology/Polysaccharides from Bioagro-Waste New Biomolecules-Life. Polysaccharides. Cham: Springer 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_16-1
  6. Slavov, A., Kiyohara, H., Yamada, H. (2013). Immunomodulating pectic polysaccharides from waste rose petals of Rosa damascena Mill. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 59, 192–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.054
  7. Yang, L., Zhang, L.-M. (2009). Chemical structural and chain conformational characterization of some bioactive polysaccharides isolated from natural sources. Carbohydrate Polymers, 76 (3), 349–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.12.015
  8. Yamada, H., Kiyohara, H. (2007). Immunomodulating Activity of Plant Polysaccharide Structures. Comprehensive Glycoscience, 4, 663–694. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-044451967-2/00125-2
  9. Elleuch, M., Bedigian, D., Roiseux, O., Besbes, S., Blecker, C., Attia, H. (2011). Dietary fibre and fibre-rich by-products of food processing: Characterisation, technological functionality and commercial applications: A review. Food Chemistry, 124 (2), 411–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.06.077
  10. Baydar, H. (2006). Oil-bearing rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) cultivation and rose oil industry in Turkey. Euro Cosmetics, 14 (6), 13–17.
  11. Abudayeh, Z. H., Karpiuk, U., Armoon, N., Abualassal, Q., Mallah, E., Hassouneh, L. K., Aldalahmeh, Y. (2022). Phytochemical, Physiochemical, Macroscopic, and Microscopic Analysis of Rosa damascena Flower Petals and Buds. Journal of Food Quality, 2022, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5079964
  12. Derzhavna Farmakopeia Ukrainy. Vol. 3 (2014). Kharkiv: Derzhavne pidpryiemstvo «Ukrainskyi naukovyi farmakopeinyi tsentr yakosti likarskykh zasobiv», 732.
  13. Upyr, T., Basim Mohammed, S., Bashar, A.-J. A. S., Lenchyk, L., Senyuk, I., Kyslychenko, V. (2018). Phytochemical and pharmacological study of polysaccharide complexes of prunus domestica fruit. ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, 3 (13), 32–37. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2018.135825
  14. Kurzyna-Szklarek, M., Cybulska, J., Zdunek, A. (2022). Analysis of the chemical composition of natural carbohydrates – An overview of methods. Food Chemistry, 394, 133466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133466
  15. Sydora, N. V., Kovaleva, A. M., Iakovenko, V. K. (2018). The study of the carbohydrate composition of hawthorn fruits. News of Pharmacy, 3 (95), 14–18. https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.18.2203
  16. Derzhavna Farmakopeia Ukrainy (2021). Kharkiv: Derzhavne pidpryiemstvo «Ukrainskyi naukovyi farmakopeinyi tsentr yakosti likarskykh zasobiv», 424.
  17. Ashour, A. S., El Aziz, M. M. A., Gomha Melad, A. S. (2019). A review on saponins from medicinal plants: chemistry, isolation, and determination. Journal of Nanomedicine Research, 7 (4), 282–288. https://doi.org/10.15406/jnmr.2019.07.00199
  18. Hiai, S., Oura, H., Nakajima, T. (1976). Color reaction of some sapogenins and saponins with vanillin and sulfuric acid. Planta Medica, 29 (2), 116–122. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1097639
  19. Pasaribu, T., Sinurat, A. P., Wina, E., Cahyaningsih, T. (2021). Evaluation of the phytochemical content, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Cocos nucifera liquid smoke, Garcinia mangostana pericarp, Syzygium aromaticum leaf, and Phyllanthus niruri L. extracts. Veterinary World, 14 (11)3048–3055. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.3048-3055
  20. Nikitina, O. (2021). Pharmacognostic Study of the galls of wild representatives of Quercus robur L., created by insects. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 14 (1), 122–128. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360x.2021.00022.6
  21. Shaikh, J. R., Patil, M. (2020). Qualitative tests for preliminary phytochemical screening: An overview. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 8 (2), 603–608. https://doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i2i.8834
  22. Das, B. K., Al-Amin, M. M., Russel, S. M., Kabir, S., Bhattacherjee, R., Hannan, J. M. A. (2014). Phytochemical screening and evaluation of analgesic activity of Oroxylum indicum. Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 76 (6), 571–575.
  23. Scaglione, F., Musazzi, U. M., Minghetti, P. (2021). Considerations on D-mannose Mechanism of Action and Consequent Classification of Marketed Healthcare Products. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.636377
  24. Dinicola, S., Unfer, V., Facchinetti, F., Soulage, C. O., Greene, N. D., Bizzarri, M. et al. (2021). Inositols: From Established Knowledge to Novel Approaches. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22 (19), 10575. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910575
Comparative analysis of polysaccharides of Rosa × damascena Mill. buds and flower petals

Downloads

Published

2025-02-28

How to Cite

Abudayeh, Z. H., Karpiuk, U., Abualassal, Q., Robinson, D. K., Vereskun, Y., & Ayoub, R. Y. M. (2025). Comparative analysis of polysaccharides of Rosa × damascena Mill. buds and flower petals. ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, (1 (53), 54–61. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2025.323305

Issue

No. 1 (53) (2025)

Section

Pharmaceutical Science

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Zead Helmi Abudayeh, Uliana Karpiuk, Qais Abualassal, David K Robinson, Yevheniia Vereskun, Rami Yousef Mohammed Ayoub

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Our journal abides by the Creative Commons CC BY copyright rights and permissions for open access journals.