The place and role of department of guardianship in social work in Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25128/2520-6230.25.2.9Keywords:
instauration, departmental vision, Mariinsky Department, Tatyana Department, social workAbstract
The team of authors conducted systematic work on the analysis of the use of the method of nonviolent communication in various areas of social work in Ukraine and other countries of the world. During the research, the team of authors relied on a comprehensive approach, comparative analysis, and a focus group study was conducted, which revealed the need to transform the social service system in this area.
The relevance of the publication lies in the fact that a comprehensive analysis of the current state of the state sector of domestic social work is not possible without studying the previous stages of its development. Its theoretical dimension is determined by the possibility of identifying cause-and-effect relationships between the past and present of social work in Ukraine, and its practical dimension is determined by the relevance of the installation of historical experience.
The purpose of the article is to study the essence and components of departmental guardianship, as well as to determine its place and role in social work in Ukraine.
The methodological basis of the article was a comprehensive approach, the principles of objectivity, impartiality, multifactoriality, historicism, as well as methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, narrative, retrospective, logical and classification.
The publication proves that the formation of the system of departmental perception took place during 1797 - 1917, as a component of the state sector of social work. Particular attention is paid to the activities of the Mariinsky Department, the Humane and Caring for Prison Societies, and the Tatyana Department. The latter are characterized by the authors as elements of the patrimonial model of social work and as examples of mandatory charity and socially oriented responsibility of the ruling class to the needy segments of the population. It is proven that the departmental guardianship covered with its activities those categories of the needy who were left without help from the prefectural, synodal and zemstvo institutions. The authors also noted that some relics of the departmental guardianship have proven their viability and are still functioning in our time.
In our opinion, the method of nonviolent communication is useful for a social worker in working with an aggressor and a victim, as it contains a powerful ethical and pedagogical component. As a result, we concluded that Ukraine needs a restructuring of the social service system, which contributed to solving the problems of the population in the country. The basis for the optimization of social services should be a review of standards in the field of education and pedagogy, a non-violent rethinking of the relationship «social worker - recipient of social services», as well as the restart of the judicial and social service.
Based on the conducted research, we conclude that the implementation of the method of nonviolent communication in social work in Ukraine has many obstacles of a military-political, socio-state and organizational nature, but changes in the social sphere in Ukraine are needed now. In fact, this is the need for radical changes in social work with manifestations of violence, as well as the need for partnership work to restore a humanistic and non-violent space in Ukraine, starting with the family. Here the family acts as a basis for post-war social recovery.
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