Study of antibacterial properties of the emulgel with Scutellaria baicalensis extract

Abstract

Introduction. One of the important problems of medicine for many years remains the search for effective treatments for infected wound processes. Semisolids remain an indispensable dosage form in the treatment of wound injuries, the interest in which has increased recently due to the new tend of including phytopreparations, providing soft action and low toxicity against the background of high efficiency, and the complex of biologically active substances has a versatile and complementary effect. This makes it possible to use them for a long time with a minimal number of side effects. Particular attention is paid to the properties of the Scutellaria baicalensis among the plants. Considering the variety of compounds and the action inherent in the raw material, we have developed an emulgel based on the dry extract of Scutellaria root and rhizomes. The purpose of our work is to study the antimicrobial activity of the created emulgel and to choose a preservative.

  Materials and methods. For the study of microbiological purity, three samples of emulgel with extract content of 1%, 2% and 2.5% were taken.The following test strains were used to evaluate the activity of the drug samples: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Proteus vulgaris ATCC 4636, Candida albicans АТСС 885/653. Determination of antibacterial activity of the study drug was carried out by the method of diffusion into agar (method of "wells") on two layers of agarised nutrient medium on Petri dishes. Cultivation media were used according to the type of microorganisms in accordance with existing methodological developments and recommendations.Antimicrobial and anticancer effects of new drugs were determined by the standard method of two-fold serial dilutions in nutrient broth (macromethod). Microbiological purity tests were performed by direct cropping on liquid nutrient media. The soybean-casein broth, thioglycol medium and Sabouraud liquid medium were sterile poured into tubes of 10.0 ml. The most common substances that are authorized for use in pharmacy in Ukraine were used to select a preservative. Parabens derivatives (Nipagin, Nipasol, germaben) and glycol (euxyl) were selected for the research. Results and discussion. As a result of the study, it was found that the samples of the emulsifier based on the dry extract of Scutellaria root (1%, 2% and 2.5%) possess antibacterial action against the test strains. The diameters of growth retardation zones were 20-23 mm relative to Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, 18-20 mm - to Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, to Proteus vulgaris ATCC 4636 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 - the diameter was 16 - 19 mm, relative to the fungus Candida albicans ATCC 653/885 the zone was 16-17 mm. In comparison drug, the solution of chlorophyllin the diameter of the growth retardation zone was smaller, and with respect to Proteus vulgaris ATCC 4636 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 antibacterial properties were not registered.It was also found that the samples had antibacterial activity against clinical strains. The diameters of growth inhibition zones were 15–20 mm relative to Pseudomonas aeruginosa 46, Proteus vulgaris 18, Staphylococcus aureus 25, Escherichia coli 7.In the study of microbiological purity by direct sowing on the dishes it has been found that the growth of fungi was absent in the study of all samples. The number of microorganisms that grew on 0.1 g samples of the preparation did not exceed 10 ³ CFU / ml, which meets the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine.Microscopy showed the presence of a gram-positive vegetative spore bacillus in the 2.0% emulgel samples based on the dry extract of Scutellaria. Confirmation was obtained by cropping on differential nutrient media. Obtained data showed that in morphology of the colonies and some biological properties the isolated microorganisms found in the study belong to the genus Bacillus sp. On differential media (Chistovich medium and Endo medium) for the isolation of intestinal group and pathogenic staphylococci the growth among other microorganisms was not observed.The next step was to investigate the effectiveness of the antimicrobial preservatives (Nipagin + Nipasol, germaben and euxyl).Based on the studies and according to the literature, euxyl has been chosen as a preservative, as it has the widest spectrum of antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeast and fungi in the pH range of 3.0-12.0 and is a safer and economically reasonable option. Conclusions. According to the results of the study of the antimicrobial activity of samples of emulgel with Scutellaria baikalensis extract, it has been found that the optimal content of dry extract in the developed drug is 2%.The microbiological purity of the freshly made specimen was investigated and antibacterial activity against a wide range of microorganisms of different taxonomic groups has been proven.Studies on the preserving ability of antimicrobial preservatives (Nipagin + Nipasol, germaben and euxyl) have established the effectiveness of all selected substances. All samples met the requirements of SPU (criterion "A"). As the most promising one Euxyl preservative has been selected, which is the safest and most economically reasonable with a wider pH range.