Vaginitis and the problems of their treatment

Abstract

A review of the literature on the causes of vaginitis, vaginal microflora in women with various pathological conditions - bacterial vaginosis, vaginal candidiasis and nonspecific vaginitis, treatment with systemic and local drugs and the prospects for vaginitis therapy with local agents based on vegetable oil - is presented. Vaginitis is a disease that in itself does not pose a direct threat to women's health, but in the lower parts of the genital tract accumulate and constantly stored in extremely high concentrations of opportunistic pathogens, which are the main causative agents of purulent-inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs The state of the microbiocenosis of the vaginal mucosa is of great importance for women's reproductive health. Changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of microorganisms in this locus, as well as their relationship with the cells of the macroorganism can lead to the development of vaginal dysbiosis or vulvovaginitis. The nature of disorders of the vaginal microflora in BV is due to the range of microorganisms involved in the development of this disease, which cause a complex of qualitative and quantitative changes in the vaginal microflora. This is due to a decrease in the number or absence of H2O2-producing lactobacilli, an increase in the number of G. vaginalis, gram-negative anaerobic bacteria - Mobiluncus spp., Prevotella spp., Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., M. hominis U. urealyticum; a small amount of Candida and an increase in the total number of microorganisms in the vaginal microflora. Recently, an important role in the treatment of vaginitis belongs to drugs based on plant raw materials, the advantage of which is a complex action, low toxicity, long-term use without the risk of side effects. According to the literature, black cumin oil, which contains a wide range of biologically active substances, can be used as the active substance of a new drug of local action in the form of suppositories for the treatment of vaginitis. At the same time, the development and further implementation of a drug based on black cumin oil in gynecological practice will increase the effectiveness of treatment of infectious diseases of the female genital organs and avoid many of the above negative effects of traditional therapy

Key words: bacterial vaginosis, vaginal candidiasis, nonspecific vaginitis, aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, drug therapy, herbal remedies.

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6634705