Nutraceutical components of blueberries for the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10838691Keywords:
diabetic retinopathy, oxidative stress, macular edema, blueberry anthocyanins.Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy, as a severe complication of diabetes, is the main cause of vision loss. Currently, there is no definitive treatment for diabetic retinopathy that would prevent the progression or reversal of vision loss caused by photoreceptor degeneration and retinal ganglion cell death. For the treatment of diabetic retinopathy non-pharmacological intervention methods are used – laser photocoagulation and vitrectomy, but only in the late stages of the disease, therefore the search and research of new drugs, especially of plant origin, for the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy in the early stages of its development are relevant. Anthocyanins – flavonoid compounds obtained from food plants show excellent pharmacological properties due to the simultaneous effect on numerous metabolic pathways and can act as an alternative to other treatment methods and prevent the further development of the disease. This review summarizes the results of research on blueberry anthocyanins, which demonstrate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-apoptotic activity and other pharmacological properties due to the simultaneous effect on numerous metabolic pathways and can act as an alternative to other treatment methods and prevent the further development of diabetic retinopathy. Blueberry anthocyanins have the potential to prevent the progression of diabetic retinopathy and may be considered as candidates for clinical trials for drugs development. However, further human studies using both blueberry extracts and individual anthocyanins are needed.
Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, oxidative stress, macular edema, blueberry anthocyanins.
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