Adaptive potential of the millet gene pool for melanose affection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30835/2413-7510.2017.120411Keywords:
millet, collection, melanose, resistance, plasticity, stabilityAbstract
Collection millet accessions were screened for melanose affection. A positive correlation was established between the HTC during the vegetation period of millet accessions and development of the disease. The critical period for infection was determined to be the developmental phase “shoots - complete paniculation.” According to ranks of the genotypic effect and plasticity degree, sources of the valuable economic trait - low affection by melanose – were identified among collection millet accessions.
The aim and tasks of the study. To evaluate the millet gene pool accessions from the national collection of Ukraine and to identify sources of valuable economic features with reduced affection by melanose that would be stable from year to year.
Material and methods. The study was carried out at the Plant Production Institute named after VYa Yuriev in the fields of scientific crop rotation 1. Ninety accessions of different eco-geographical origin from the national collection of millet were taken as the study material. The field experiments were conducted in compliance with the official methodology of field experimentation and the methodological recommendations "Studying the World's Millet Collection". Resistance of millet accessions to melanose was evaluated on natural infection in compliance with the methodological recommendations "Phytosanitary and Immunological Assessments of Millet". To determine the genotypic potential for resistance of millet accessions to melanose, the genotypic effect and plasticity degree for melanose affection were ranked.
Results and discussion. The results confirmed many scientists’ opinion that there are no millet accessions that are immune to under-glume affection of kernel, but the affection degree varies. Analysis of correlation between the affection degree of millet kernels and the influence of weather conditions during the growing season showed that the developmental phase “shoots - complete paniculation” was the critical phase for infection. When this phase was extended, in combination with decreased air temperature and an increased amount of precipitation, the development of melanosis enhanced.
Conclusions. Twenty six millet sources with low level of disease that was stable from year to year were identified by values of the genotypic effect and plasticity degree for melanose affection. They are Maslovskiy 4, Nadiine, Kozatske, Kharkivske 57, L 1842-08 and others) and recommended to use in breedingReferences
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