Effect of pre-treatment of seeds and foliar fertilizing on yield and seed quality of modern soy-bean varieties

Abstract

Introduction .Deficiency of vegetable protein was and still is a major problem of global agriculture. It is known that one of the most realistic and effective ways to overcome this problem is to increase the production of high-protein crops, including soybean stands out. Alongside with the increase in acreage, becomes important the scientific study and improvement of technologies of growing soybean varieties that are aimed at increasing yields and seed quality in specific soil and climatic conditions.

The purpose of researches was to study the influence of pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar fertilizing on the level of productivity and quality of soybean seed.

Methodology of researches. Studies were conducted in 2010-2012 in a field crop rotation of the laboratory of growing technology of soybean and leguminous cultures of the Institute of Feeds and Agriculture of Podillya NAAS on gray forest soils of medium clay loam. Accounting of seed yield was performed by continuous collection and weighing of each plot. Chemical composition of seed was determined by the "method of biochemical research of plants" (Ermolov V.V 1987) in the laboratory of zootechnical assessment of forages of the Institute of Feeds and Agriculture of Podillya NAAS. Content of crude protein in soybean seed was determined by the Kjeldahl method (Babich A.O. 1994), fat content was determined by fat-free residue using Soxhlet apparatus (Marymov D.I. 1978). Mathematical treatment of data was performed by method of the dispersion and correlation and regression analysis according to the "Methods of field experience" (Dospekhov B., 1985).

Results. In the conditions of the right-bank Forest Steppe, the highest yield of soybean varieties: KyVin and Hutoryanochka, 2.94 - 3.05 t/ha was obtained by pre-treatment of seed with the inoculant Optimayz (2.8 l/t), micronutrient fertilizers TENSO Cocktail (100g /t), protectant Vitavaks 200 FF (2.5 l/t) and holding of two foliar feedings with water soluble fertilizer, chelate based Kropmaks (0.5 l/ha) in the phases of budding and the formation of beans on the background of the main mineral fertilization N45P60K60. At the same variant is marked the maximum content of crude protein in seeds of soybean variety Hutoryanochka 40.5%, variety KyVin 40.3%.

Conclusion .Pre-sowing seed treatment of soybean with the inoculant Optimayz, micronutrient fertilizer TENSO Cocktail and protectant Vitavaks 200FF and holding of two foliar feedings with water-soluble fertilizer on chelate base Kropmaks in phases of budding and formation of beans contribute not only to the formation of high-yield seed at the level of 3.05 t / ha in variety Hutoryanochka - 2.94 t / ha, in variety KyVin - 40.3%, but significant improvement in seed quality.