Abilities to the art of music: a retrospective view

Abstract

Purpose of the article. The purpose of the research is to analyze retrospectively the scientific researches on the theoretical aspects of musical talents, the structure, and the nature of musicality. Methodology. The research methodology is based on the theoretical, analytical, systemic methods, as well as general scientific approaches to generalization, comparison, which became the foundation for a comprehensive study of the subject of the research. Scientific Novelty. The scientific novelty of the research is the retrospective analysis of the foreign and domestic scientific research the essence, structure of the concept of ability, musical ability, and musicality are considered. The role of activity in the development of the abilities is determined. Conclusions. The analysis of musicological, pedagogical, psychological literature allows us to state that the retrospective review shows that there are two points of view on the nature of musicality: musicality as an innate talent that cannot be formed and musicality as a property that is formed on the basis of innate inclinations. At the same time, it is important to emphasize the following positions: the complex of musicality is a multi-level system of musical communities and special abilities; the structure of the community of abilities consists of the following components: emotional responsiveness; and cognitive musical abilities, which include sensory, intellectual, musical memory. The common sensory abilities are a sense of rhythm; general intellectual musical abilities - musical thinking and musical imagination. The complex of musicality develops exclusively in the interaction of abilities.