The study of Reynoutria sachalinensis plant raw material amino acid composition

Abstract

Introduction. Sakhalin (giant) knotweed (Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai) is grown in Ukraine as a fodder, ornamental and honey plant. In other countries, species of the genus Reinutria are grown as raw materials for the pharmaceutical and bioenergy industries. According to the literature, species of the genus Reynoutria accumulate hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannins, essential oil, stilbene and anthrachinone derivatives. Sakhalin (giant) knotweed is a source of carotenoids, ascorbic acid, iron, strontium and calcium, and the protein content in fresh raw materials reaches more than 300 mg / kg. Traditionally, types of reynutria are used as medicine in China, Korea, Taiwan and Japan. These plants are used to treat chronic bronchitis, infectious hepatitis, osteomyelitis, diarrhea, gallstones, hypertension, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, bacterial vaginitis, menoxenia, dysmenorrhea, leukorrhea, snake bites, skin burns, skin burns. The pharmacological activity of Sakhalin (giant) knotweed is dependent to a complex of   biological activity compounds, among which amino acids are important. Some data of the amino acid composition of Sakhalin (giant) knotweed herb have been found in the literature. This data vary considerably depending on the plant's place of growth. In addition, information of the qualitative composition and quantitative content of amino acids in the leaves, roots and flowers of Sakhalin (giant) knotweed has not been found in the literature. Therefore, the study of the amino acid composition of the raw materials of Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai) is relevant. The aim of the work was a comparative study of the qualitative composition and determination of the quantitative content of amino acids in the roots, grass, leaves and flowers of Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai). Materials and methods. The study of the qualitative composition and determination of the amino acid composition of the roots, leaves, herb and flowers of Sakhalin (giant) knotweed was performed by ion-exchange liquid-column chromatography. Raw materials were harvested in 2019-2020 in the Kharkiv region (Ukraine). Identification and quantification of amino acids was performed by ion exchange liquid column chromatography on an automatic amino acid analyzer T 339. Results and discussion. According to the results of the experiment, the content of 18 amino acids was identified and determined in all samples of raw materials of Sakhalin (giant) knotweed, 9 of which are essential. The results of the experiment showed that almost the same amount of amino acids accumulated in the leaves (74.07 mg / kg) and flowers (73.13 mg / kg) of Sakhalin (giant) knotweed. In herb (47.65 mg / kg) they contained almost 1.5 times less, in roots (31.36 mg / kg) almost twice less than in leaves. The maximum content of the sum of essential amino acids was noted in the Sakhalin (giant) knotweed  leaf (30.31 mg / kg). The glutamic acid dominated in all samples of the studied raw material was. The maximum content of this compound was in the flowers of Sakhalin (giant) knotweed   (13.87 mg / kg). The content of aspartic acid in the raw material of this plant ranged from 3.47 to 8.55 mg / kg. Most of it was contained in the letter of the Sakhalin (giant) knotweed. Arginine (7.95 mg / kg) prevailed in the roots of Sakhalin (giant) knotweed among essential amino acid. Lysineand leucine were the major essential amino acids in the leaf of the studied plant. The content of them was almost at the same level and was 5.28 and 5.94 mg / kg, respectively. Lysine dominated in herb (4.45 mg / kg) and flowers (5.53 mg / kg)  among essential amino acids. Conclusions. The obtained results indicate the prospects of using raw materials of Sakhalin reynutria as a potential source of biological active compounds, in particular amino acids, and will be used for the development of drugs based on these raw materials. Key words: Sakhalin (giant) knotweed, Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai), amino acids, ion-exchange liquid-column chromatography.

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5499710