Study of the influence of pharmaceutical factors on the optimization of the release of biologically active substances upon receipt the water extracts from gynecological plant medical collection

Abstract

Introduction. Infusions are water extracts that do not require either sophisticated equipment or expensive or scarce extractants. From a biopharmaceutical point of view, aqueous extracts provide good availability of drug substances. Compared with individual medicinal substances, they have a milder and simultaneous complex effect on the body. These circumstances are one of the reasons that these dosage forms, which appeared even before Galen, still retained their significance. In the formulation of pharmacies, infusions and decoctions can be prepared independently, and can also be part of potions. Therefore, the study of water extraction technology is important for the practical activities of the pharmacist.

Materials and methods. As objects of the study a medical plant collection was used, which included clover inflorescence, yarrow grass, linden flowers, thyme grass, which were selected for the pharmaceutical development of the collection for non-hormonal therapy of menopausal syndrome. Purified water was used as extractant. The completeness of extraction was determined by the quantitative content of extractives and flavonoids content, expressed as rutin.  In order to study the effect of various pharmaceutical factors on the release of extractives from medicinal plant materials, three collection fractions were studied that were identical in composition but different in degree of grinding components, which were obtained by sifting through sieves No. 1, 2, 3. Medicinal raw materials were ground by grass cutter. The particle size of the first fraction was 1–3 mm, the second fraction was 3–4 mm, and the third was 4–6 mm. Based on the obtained results, a fraction of 1–3 mm was selected for further studies to substantiate the extraction parameters Results & Discussion. To optimize the extraction conditions, the level of extractives from medicinal plant materials with a grinding degree of 1–3 mm was studied under the above extraction conditions. As a result of the study, the influence of the degree of grinding of raw materials on the level of extractive substances obtained from aqueous extracts of plant collection was studied. It was experimentally established that an increase in the time of infusion in a water bath from 5 to 15 minutes leads to an increase in the content of extracts as well as biologically active substances in the infusion. Further heating in a water bath does not increase the yield of extractives and flavonoids, and a color change may indicate the destruction of a number of biologically active substances under the influence of temperature. It is advisable to increase the infusion time before cooling for 30–45 minutes, since further cooling does not increase the content of active substances and leads to precipitation.  Conclusion. 1. We studied the factors affecting the optimization of the release of biologically active substances in the preparation of aqueous extracts from medicinal plant collection.2. We investigated various extraction regimes of the drug collection and found that the optimal mode of extraction of biologically active substances from the plant collection is to insist on a water bath for 15 minutes, followed by cooling at room temperature for 30–45 minutes.