Study of the content of biologically active substances and development of specifications for a dense extract for the treatment of cheilitis

Abstract

Introduction. Cheilitis is an inflammatory disease of the lips, which significantly affects the patient's quality of life. Treatment of this disease should be comprehensive and depend on its origin. The drugs of choice in the treatment of cheilitis are herbal remedies that contain a wide range of biologically active substances and have a pronounced pharmacological activity, minimal side effects and are suitable for long-term use. Promising medicinal plant raw materials for the pharmacotherapy of cheilitis are burdock roots, common oak bark and marigold flowers. Burdock roots have the property of reducing the development of inflammatory processes, oak bark has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and astringent activity, marigold flowers have anti-inflammatory, wound-healing and bactericidal effects. Previous studies have obtained a dense aqueous extract for the treatment of cheilitis based on the mentioned above medicinal plant raw materials. The wide spectrum of the chemical composition of the dense extract includes various components, such as polysaccharides, tannins, flavonoids, which exhibit antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing activity. Therefore, it is relevant to develop methods for identifying and quantifying the main biologically active substances of a new phytocomplex for the treatment of cheilitis. Aim of the study. Identification and study of the content of the main biologically active substances of the dense aqueous extract for the treatment of cheilitis and development of the specification of the phytocomplex. Materials and methods. The object of the study was a previously developed dense aqueous extract based on medicinal plant raw materials: burdock root: oak bark: marigold flowers (5:1:1.5). The standardization of the developed phytocomplex for the treatment of cheilitis was carried out according to the methods and recommendations given in the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine 2.0. Results. The analysis of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the main groups of biologically active substances (polysaccharides, flavonoids, tannins) in the developed dense aqueous extract was carried out using the thin-layer chromatography method. According to the results of the research, the presence of fructose and glucose, rutin, chlorogenic and caffeic acids, as well as catechin in the dense aqueous extract was identified. The quantitative determination of the main groups of biologically active substances in the dense aqueous extract was carried out using the gravimetric method (polysaccharides) and the spectrophotometric method (flavonoids in terms of hyperoside and tannins in terms of pyrogallol). The content of polysaccharides per 100.0 g of thick extract must be at least 0.75 g. The content of flavonoids per 100.0 g of dense extract in terms of hyperoside must be at least 0.006 g. The content of tannins per 100.0 g of dense extract in terms of pyrogallol must be at least 0.030 g. The results of the conducted experimental studies were used as the basis for the draft specification for the developed dense aqueous extract according to the following indicators: description, identification, quantification, moisture content. Conclusion. It is proposed to identify the main groups of biologically active substances of the dense extract (polysaccharides, tannins, flavonoids) by the method of thin-layer chromatography. Quantitative methods have been developed: polysaccharide - by the gravimetric method, tannins and flavonoids - by the spectrophotometric method. A draft specification has been drawn up for the developed thick aqueous extract.