Integrative Transcriptomic Immune Scoring and Network Topology Reveal ME13-Driven Spatial Heterogeneity in Glioblastoma

Ali Dawood; Enass Al-Hadidi; Bassam Jasim; Buthaina AL-Sabaawi

doi:10.5281/zenodo.20007724

Автор(и)

Ali Dawood University of Mosul, Ірак
Enass Al-Hadidi University of Mosul, Ірак
Bassam Jasim Ninavah university , Ірак
Buthaina AL-Sabaawi University of Mosul, Ірак

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20007724

Ключові слова:

Gene expression, Glioblastoma, Immunity, Topology

Анотація

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive and heterogeneous variants of brain cancer; it is associated with intricate connections between pathways of proliferative signaling and modulation of the immune system. The paper shall clarify how to explain immune-relevant transcriptional programs in GBM by an integrative gene co-expression network analysis. Powered by normalized expression data of 17,362 genes in the GSE16011 dataset, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used to build functional coherent modules, and ME13 turned out to be the one most significant to the infiltration of immune cells (r = 0.82, p < 0.001). The gene-gene interaction network identified five crucial central hub genes, including GIMAP4, CD84, KRT23, KLF9, and RCBTB2, which are correlated with FOXP3 and CD8A expression, suggesting their possible regulatory roles in the dynamic processes of cytotoxic T cells and Tregs. To put the pattern of spatial activation into context, overlaying and GSVA scoring of Grad-CAM revealed a wide variety in the immune landscape within glioblastoma tissues. This multimodal combination illustrated the presence of ME13 in IL-17 and the p53 signaling pathway, as well as its value for immune stratification. The results not only provide the molecular framework for interpreting immune heterogeneity in GBM but also reveal the potential of hub genes as therapeutic targets and for future diagnostic profiling. Although some constraints will emerge due to the absence of experimental verification, the study paves the way for translation through multi-omics platforms and spatial immunogenomics.

Біографії авторів

Ali Dawood, University of Mosul

DEpartment of Anatomy, Al-batool College of Mediicne

Enass Al-Hadidi, University of Mosul

Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Mosul

Bassam Jasim, Ninavah university

Department of Medicine, college of Medicine, Nineveh university

Buthaina AL-Sabaawi, University of Mosul

Departmet of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Mosul

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