Substantiation of countervortex spillway structures of hydrotechnical facilities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.123918Keywords:
hydraulics, hydraulic spillways, swirling flow, swirler, speed / velocity, flow rateAbstract
The construction and reconstruction of waterworks sets a number of scientific and engineering tasks that require a new approach to their solution. One of the promising areas for solving these and a number of other problems is the use of swirling water flows in hydrotechnical facilities. The article presents the results of physical simulation of spillway counter-vortex systems. The model had a damping chamber diameter of 0.15 m and was tested at a head up to 8 mH2O and a flow rate up to 0.11 m3/s. As a result of the conducted experiments, the values of the flow coefficient of the entire system were obtained. The water-carrying capacity was determined for several modes of operation of the model by means of a combination of switching valves that brought water to the inlet nozzles of the model. In addition, a change in the mode of operation of the model was carried out by changing the vacuum in the near-vortex zone of the counter-vortex flow in a wide range.
A self-similarity of the flow coefficient by the head and the Reynolds number has been established. The physical modelling has made it possible to formulate a well-grounded approach to the hydraulic calculation of counter-vortex spillway systems. One of the most important issues studied experimentally in the process of the described hydraulic tests was the determination of the energy damping capacity of counter-vortex spillways, reflecting their effectiveness. The energy damping capacity was determined by the energy damping factor, reduced to the general head in the model. The article presents the main schemes of local water flow swirlers for the formation of a counter-vortex flow, which can be used in hydrotechnical practice. Some of their geometric and hydraulic characteristics are considered. A simplified scheme of hydraulic calculation of a counter-vortex spillway structure for various types of swirlers and constructive solutions of a spillway system (an open type or an underground tunnel) is proposed. The authors compared the efficiency of the proposed method for damping the energy of the spillway flow and the hydraulic scheme with a sudden expansion of the flow according to the Borda formula. The counter-vortex method of damping the energy of the transit flow has a much higher efficiency in comparison with sudden expansion. The study suggests directions for further research on complex counter-vortex flows.
References
- Huang, G., Hu, H., Wang, C., Du, L. (2017). Shock waves and water wing in slit-type energy dissipaters. Journal of Hydrodynamics, Ser. B, 29 (3), 504–509. doi: 10.1016/s1001-6058(16)60762-x
- Chen, H., Xu, W., Deng, J., Niu, Z., Liu, S., Wang, W. (2010). Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Hydraulic Characteristics of Discharge Tunnel with Vortex Drop. Journal of Hydrodynamics, Ser. B, 22 (4), 582–589. doi: 10.1016/s1001-6058(09)60091-3
- Gur'ev, A. P., Hanov, N. V., Volgin, N. A. (2015). Vliyanie konstruktivnyh parametrov vodoboynogo kolodca na gashenie energii potoka. Prirodoobustroystvo, 4, 48–51.
- Sudol'skiy, G. A. (2016). Gidravlicheskie issledovaniya dlya obosnovaniya konstrukcii stupenchatogo vodosbrosa Boguchanskoy GES. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel'stvo, 8, 21–30.
- Wu, J., Yao, L., Ma, F., Wu, W. (2014). Hydraulics of a multiple slit-type energy dissipater. Journal of Hydrodynamics, Ser. B, 26 (1), 86–93. doi: 10.1016/s1001-6058(14)60010-x
- Ma, F., Xu, Z., Wu, J. (2015). Flow choking over weir flow slit-type flip buckets. Journal of Hydrodynamics, Ser. B, 27 (6), 907–912. doi: 10.1016/s1001-6058(15)60553-4
- Nan' Fen, Kozlov, D. V., Rumyancev, I. S. (2015). Gidravlicheskie issledovaniya stupenchatyh vodosbrosov razlichnyh konstrukciy. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel'stvo, 8, 29–37.
- Bayon, A., Toro, J. P., Bombardelli, F. A., Matos, J., López-Jiménez, P. A. (2017). Influence of VOF technique, turbulence model and discretization scheme on the numerical simulation of the non-aerated, skimming flow in stepped spillways. Journal of Hydro-Environment Research. doi: 10.1016/j.jher.2017.10.002
- Messa, G. V., De Lima Branco, R., Filho, J. G. D., Malavasi, S. (2018). A combined CFD-experimental method for abrasive erosion testing of concrete. Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, 66 (1), 121–128. doi: 10.1515/johh-2017-0042
- Zamankhan, P. (2015). Simulation of Cavitation Water Flows. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2015, 1–16. doi: 10.1155/2015/872573
- Sliva, I. V., Lapin, G. G. (2017). Avariya na vodosbrosnyh sooruzheniyah gidrouzla Orovill. Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel'stvo, 11, 44–51.
- Lempérière, F. (2017). Dams and Floods. Engineering, 3 (1), 144–149. doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.01.018
- Dehdar-behbahani, S., Parsaie, A. (2016). Numerical modeling of flow pattern in dam spillway’s guide wall. Case study: Balaroud dam, Iran. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 55 (1), 467–473. doi: 10.1016/j.aej.2016.01.006
- Zuykov, A. L. (2010). Gidrodinamika cirkulyacionnyh techeniy. Moscow: Izd-vo ASV, 216.
- Volshanik, V. V., Zuykov, A. L., Orekhov, G. V., Churin, P. S. (2013). Propusk holostyh raskhodov cherez turbinnyy blok sredne- ili vysokonapornoy GES (Chast' 1). Gidrotekhnicheskoe stroitel'stvo, 4, 51–56.
- GOST 8.009-84. Gosudarstvennaya sistema obespecheniya edinstva izmereniy. Normiruemye metrologicheskie harakteristiki sredstv izmereniy (2006). Moscow.
- Volshanik, V. V., Zuykov, A. L., Mordasov, A. P., Krivchenko, G. I. (1990). Zakruchennye potoki v gidrotekhnicheskih sooruzheniyah. Sankt-Peterburg: Energoatomizdat, 280.
- Shchukin, V. K., Halatov, A. A. (1982). Teploobmen, massoobmen i gidrodinamika zakruchennyh potokov v osesimmetrichnyh kanalah. Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 200.
- Gidravlicheskie raschety vodosbrosnyh gidrotekhnicheskih sooruzheniy (1988). Moscow: Energoatomizdat, 233–248.
- Orekhov, G. V. (2008). Vodnye ob'ekty na urbanizirovannyh territoriyah i inzhenernye sistemy aeracii i zamknutogo vodooborota. Ekologiya urbanizirovannyh territoriy, 2, 88–93.
- Zuykov, A. L., Orekhov, G. V.‚ Volshanik, V. V. (2013). Raspredelenie azimutal'nyh skorostey v laminarnom kontrvihrevom techenii. Vestnik MGSU, 5, 150–161.
- Pilipenko, O. V. (1982). Dinamicheskie harakteristiki truboprovodov pri vrashchatel'no-postupatel'nom dvizhenii zhidkosti s obrazovaniem kavitacionnoy polosti. Gidrodinamika energeticheskih ustanovok. Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 94–100.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Valeriy Volshanik, Genrikh Orekhov
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The consolidation and conditions for the transfer of copyright (identification of authorship) is carried out in the License Agreement. In particular, the authors reserve the right to the authorship of their manuscript and transfer the first publication of this work to the journal under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY license. At the same time, they have the right to conclude on their own additional agreements concerning the non-exclusive distribution of the work in the form in which it was published by this journal, but provided that the link to the first publication of the article in this journal is preserved.
A license agreement is a document in which the author warrants that he/she owns all copyright for the work (manuscript, article, etc.).
The authors, signing the License Agreement with TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC, have all rights to the further use of their work, provided that they link to our edition in which the work was published.
According to the terms of the License Agreement, the Publisher TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC does not take away your copyrights and receives permission from the authors to use and dissemination of the publication through the world's scientific resources (own electronic resources, scientometric databases, repositories, libraries, etc.).
In the absence of a signed License Agreement or in the absence of this agreement of identifiers allowing to identify the identity of the author, the editors have no right to work with the manuscript.
It is important to remember that there is another type of agreement between authors and publishers – when copyright is transferred from the authors to the publisher. In this case, the authors lose ownership of their work and may not use it in any way.