Determining the optimal composition of low-basicity slags using pegmatite for electromelting processes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2026.353249Keywords:
pegmatite, electric arc steel remelting, rheological properties of slag, refining of the meltingAbstract
This study focuses on the process of slag formation and its performance during steelmaking using carbon charge, when remelting alloyed scrap in electric steelmaking units, and in secondary metallurgy units. One of the relevant issues is the use of alternative materials, such as alkali aluminosilicates, capable of replacing conventional slag components without compromising the quality of the slag.
This study reports scientifically proven conditions for replacing fluorspar in the composition of slags used in remelting technologies and secondary metallurgy with domestic mineral raw materials – pegmatites, which contain up to 10–15% of the total alkali metal oxides Na2O and K2O.
The effect of Na2O and K2O on the rheological characteristics of the slag melt in the CaO-SiO2+(Na2O, K2O) system has been confirmed. A series of experimental meltings was carried out to establish the slag-forming regime in a ladle-furnace when fluorspar in the solid slag-forming mixture is completely replaced with pegmatites.
A comparative analysis of the compositions of refining slags for the current industrial technology and the experimental technology has been performed. A significant increase in slag fluidity and a desulfurization level of the metal comparable to that of the current technology were established, despite a decrease in slag basicity to 1,8–2,0, which is consistent with the requirements of remelting technologies. Chemical analysis of the metal and slag compositions was conducted for the experimental meltings at the stages of semi-product melting and steel treatment in the ladle furnace. The metal from the experimental meltings fully met the requirements of the normative and technical documentation.
Thus, this work provides a theoretical justification for an innovative secondary-metallurgy technology using alkali aluminosilicate pegmatite as a part of slag forming mixtures. The metal quality indicators in terms of sulfur content confirm the effectiveness of the devised technology with partial or complete replacement of fluorspar with pegmatite during remelting or secondary steelmaking
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