Features of Predisposition to Eating Disorder among Adolescents who are on Diet outside the Prescription of a Doctor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32626/2227-6246.2019-43.9-32Keywords:
adolescence, eating disorders, anorexia, bulimia, diet, depression, anxiety, perfectionism, self-esteem.Abstract
In the article, the impact of «diet» is considered that is used by adolescents
outside medical prescription for controlling their weight, emotional state and
maintaining self-esteem.
The researches for the last ten years are analyzed, the psychosocial factors
of predisposition to the formation of disorders of eating behavior among
adolescents are explained and described. In order to solve the problems we
have formed a sample of respondents: adolescents aged 12–14 years from
Ternopil and Lviv schools. At the beginning of the study, 347 questionnaires
were received, 88 of them were included in the experimental group. Participants
were offered diagnostic materials, in particular: The Eating Disorder
Impairment Questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
screening scale.
According to the results of work we described five aspects of predisposition
to eating disorder among adolescents. Key among of them is body dissatisfaction
and low self-esteem. It is established that low self-esteem intensifies
fixation on the problem areas of the body by increasing the desire for
harmony, and the unproductive use of rigid diets or restrictions in the amount
of food gives a sense of control over emotions and thoughts. At the same time,
it is indicated that the anxiety that is felt in this regard affects the propensity
to interpersonal alienation. It is concluded that depression and uncontrolled
overeating might act as independent triggers for the distress and modifying
factors supporting the development of eating disorders are the fear of ripening
and perfectionism.
The materials described in the article provide grounds for considering the
results as a screening model for eating disorder, which may be proposed for
use in psycho-educational work with adolescents.
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