Changing Negative Personality Protection to Successful Strategies for Coping with Stress in the Psycholinguistic Aspect
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32626/2227-6246.2021-51.54-75Keywords:
defence mechanisms, S. Karpman’s triangle, state of the Victim, state of Tirana, state of the Saviour, state of the Observer, successful coping strategiesAbstract
The aim of the article. Based on the theoretical analysis of cognitive schemes, scenario matrices of destructive games and their transactions, the author tries to apply his own psychotherapeutic method «Exit from the triangle of S. Karpman».
Methods. Theoretical analysis of psychotherapeutic areas of work with the problem of Victim in psychological science is used. The attention is paid to the causes of the stress problem, in particular, the usual ways of human response to stress: schemes, scenarios, scenario prescriptions, scenario matrices. Research of empirical indicators of efficiency of application of a new method: projective technique of O. S. Romanova and T. I. Sitko «Man in the rain»; stress diagnosis, based on Max Luscher’s colour cards; author’s method «Diagnosis of stress resistance of the individual»; E. P. Ilyin’s method of «Transaction analysis»; method of clinical conversation.
The results of the research. Most people who need to develop stress resistance in the initial stages raise the issue of interdependent relationships with aggressors or victims and apply negative protections, which generally contributes to inadequate responses to stress. Exemption from the internal causes of dependence, from destructive defences and schemes and the transition to a state of voluntary observer gives a person the opportunity to choose ways to react to stress, coping strategies, life scenarios, plan for the future, live your own life. The author carried out a theoretical analysis of the psycholinguistic aspect of personality development. In particular, the communicative behaviour of the individual is studied: communicative-cognitive schemes, transactional script prescriptions and drivers. The study paid special attention to such psychotherapeutic areas as psychoanalytic, Gestalt, cognitive-behavioural, neurolinguistic integrated programming. They provided an opportunity to reveal the essence and content of the psycholinguistic messages of the Victim, the Persecutor and the Saviour.
Conclusion. The results of empirical diagnostics indicate the effectiveness of the method «Exit from the triangle of S. Karpman». Observations and conversations provided an opportunity to state the following: patients achieved the integration of all triangle roles, the level of self-awareness expanded, there was a change of negative programs to successful stress management strategies, the Victim’s role was changed to successful stress management strategies. The projective technique «Man in the rain» revealed elements of security and the absence of anxiety; M. Luscher’s colour test – the absence of internal conflict and the presence of healthy conditions. More than 100 participants of the training on the development of personality stress resistance were tested in the new method
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