Features of the method of training young men 14-15 years engaged in mixed martial arts

Abstract

Purpose. To develop and scientifically substantiate the methodology of special physical and technical-tactical training of boys aged 14-15 years who are engaged in mixed martial arts. Material and methods. The following research methods were used to solve the tasks: theoretical analysis and synthesis of literary sources on the problem under study, pedagogical testing, pedagogical observations, the method of expert assessments, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. The study was conducted at the mixed martial arts club «Ludus» in Cherkasy. Cherkasy from September 2023 to October 2024. 30 sportsmen (16 in the experimental and 14 in the control group) aged 14-15 years old who had experience of training 5-6 years took part in the research. The athletes of the control group trained according to the generally accepted methodology, and the young men of the experimental group according to the developed methodology, which included the use of learned technical actions in various combat situations with active opposition from the enemy. For this purpose, the training process included competitive (sparring) exercises with a specific task for each athlete, acting as the «first» or «second» number, respectively. To improve the technique of kicking, exercises on a coordination ladder, exercises with a rubber expander and stuffed balls were used. Auxiliary exercises for increasing the power of kicks included exercises with weighting for the legs. Results. The results of the pedagogical experiment showed that the experimental methodology significantly improves the quality and level of assimilation of the program material by athletes. As a result, the level of indicators of specially physical and technical and tactical preparedness has significantly increased. So, during the experiment the force of a blow by a hand of sportsmen of the control group increased by 2 kg, and at sportsmen of the experimental group by 23 kg. The force of a kick in the control group increased by 10 kg, and in the experimental group by 26 kg. The result of a long jump from a place in sportsmen of the control group increased by 15,3 cm, and in the experimental group by 26,1 cm. At the beginning of the experiment the results of shuttle running of sportsmen of the control and experimental groups practically did not differ (the difference was 0,1s), at the end of the experiment this difference is 0,4 s. These differences are statistically significant (p<0,05). During the experiment, the number of jumps over a rope in 1 minute increased in the control group by 10 times, and in the experimental group by 19,5 times. In both cases the differences are statistically significant (p<0,05). At the beginning of the pedagogical experiment the level of technical and tactical preparedness of sportsmen of the experimental and control groups according to the results of experts' assessment practically did not differ. The number of sportsmen with a high level in the experimental group was 12,5 %, and in the control group   14,3 %. During the experiment period, this number increased in the experimental group by 25,0 %, and in the control group only by 7,1 %. The number of sportsmen with an average level of fitness in the experimental group increased significantly by 12,5 %, in the control group - by 7,2 %. Accordingly, the number of young sportsmen with a low level of technical and tactical fitness decreased during the experiment. Their number decreased by 37,5 % in the experimental group and by 14,3 % in the control group. Such significant changes in the level of technical and tactical fitness of sportsmen during the experiment are significant. All this confirms the effectiveness of the proposed approaches to the organization and content of the educational and training process for 14-15 years old who are engaged in mixed martial arts. Conclusions. The approbation of the experimental methodology of training of young sportsmen showed its high efficiency in the increase of indicators of specially physical and technical-tactical preparedness. As a result of the pedagogical experiment there is an increase of all studied indicators in both groups. However, this increase is statistically significant in the experimental group.