Development of alternative steering models for ev bus: a preliminary study on the conversion of hydraulic to electric power steering

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.227329

Keywords:

assist motor, wheel drive, steering column, pinion, rack, vehicle speed, torsion motor, truss structure, frame structure, four-bar linkage

Abstract

This study aims to develop alternative steering models for the EV bus. The EV bus uses its energy source from the main 384 VDC 300 Ah battery and the secondary battery with a capacity of 25.8 VDC 100 Ah. The use of energy in this electric bus is divided into the main components, namely the BLDC motor as the main drive of 200 kW, 15 kW of air conditioning, 7.5 kW of hydraulic power steering, a compressor for the air braking system of 4 kW, and accessory components. The other is 2.4 kW. It is expected that this 7.5 kW electric power can be reduced by an electric system by up to 20 %. This research will study the steering system with an electric power system (EPS) to convert the hydraulic steering system (HPS). With this EPS system, it is hoped that controlling the vehicle’s motion towards the steer by wire will be easier. Initially, data were collected from the types of large vehicles from various well-known brands about the steering system used. A large commercial vehicle that purely uses EPS is not yet found. The model developed for EPS on this electric bus is through the reverse engineering method by redrawing all the components involved in the previous steering system. Because this type of EV bus is included in the upper mid-size class, this paper proposes two new EPS models, namely the addition of an assist motor on the drag link and on the steering rack. The links involved in this system are wheel drive, steering column, lower steering column, rack and pinion gear, assist motor, drop link, drag link, drop link extension, drag link extension, tie rod, knuckle, kingpin, tire, axle beam and several others. The values of stiffness, inertia, and damping of each link will affect the driver’s torque and the assist motor as a wheel speed function on this electric bus. The steering structure of the EV bus consists of a truss structure and a frame structure with a kinematic structure consisting of two four-bar linkages joined together

Author Biographies

Nazaruddin Nazaruddin, Universitas Indonesia

Postgraduate Student

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Research Center for Advanced Vehicle (RCAVe)

Danardono A Sumarsono, Universitas Indonesia

Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Advisor

Research Center for Advance Vehicle (RCAVe)

Mohammad Adhitya, Universitas Indonesia

Doctor Ingenieurdegree, Lecturer

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Head of Research Center

Research Center for Advance Vehicle (RCAVe)

Ghany Heryana, Universitas Indonesia

Postgraduate Student

Research Center for Advanced Vehicle (RCAVe)

Rolan Siregar, Universitas Indonesia

Postgraduate Student

Research Center for Advanced Vehicle (RCAVe)

Sonki Prasetya, Universitas Indonesia

Postgraduate student

Research Center for Advanced Vehicle (RCAVe)

Fuad Zainuri, Universitas Indonesia

Postgraduate Student

Research Center for Advanced Vehicle (RCAVe)

References

  1. Nazaruddin, Adhitya, M., Sumarsono, D. A., Siregar, R., Heryana, G. (2020). Review of electric power steering type column steering with booster motor and future research for EV-Bus. RECENT PROGRESS ON: MECHANICAL, INFRASTRUCTURE AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING: Proceedings of International Symposium on Advances in Mechanical Engineering (ISAME): Quality in Research 2019. doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0000945
  2. Baxter, J. (1988). Analysis of Stiffness and feel for a Power-Assisted Rack and Pinion Steering Gear. SAE Technical Paper Series. doi: https://doi.org/10.4271/880706
  3. Harrer, M., Pfeffer, P. (Eds.) (2017). Steering Handbook. Springer, 565. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05449-0
  4. De Wit, C. C., Guegan, S., Richard, A. (2001). Control design for an electro power steering system: Part I the reference model. 2001 European Control Conference (ECC). doi: https://doi.org/10.23919/ecc.2001.7076494
  5. De Wit, C. C., Guegan, S., Richard, A. (2001). Control design for an electro power steering system: Part II the control design. 2001 European Control Conference (ECC). doi: https://doi.org/10.23919/ecc.2001.7076495
  6. Chitu, C., Lackner, J., Horn, M., Srikanth Pullagura, P., Waser, H., Kohlböck, M. (2013). Controller design for an electric power steering system based on LQR techniques. COMPEL - The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 32 (3), 763–775. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/03321641311305737
  7. Marouf, A., Sentouh, C., Djemai, M., Pudlo, P. (2011). Control of an Electric Power Assisted Steering system using reference model. IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and European Control Conference. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2011.6161144
  8. Abe, T., Fujimura, Y., Hirose, T., Hashimoto, S., Kajitani, M., Sato, K., Gonpei, K. (2017). Electric Power Steering System Design Based on Linear Quadratic Control. Journal of Technology and Social Science(JTSS), 1 (2), 37–46. Available at: https://docplayer.net/59754681-Electric-power-steering-system-design-based-on-linear-quadratic-control.html
  9. Kurishige, M., Kifuku, T. (2001). Static steering-control system for electric-power steering. Mitsubishi Electric Advance, 94, 18–20. Available at: http://www.mitsubishielectric.com/bu/automotive/advanced_technology/pdf/vol94_tr7.pdf
  10. Sugiyama, A., Kurishige, M., Hamada, H., Kifuku, T. (2006). An EPS Control Strategy to Reduce Steering Vibration Associated with Disturbance from Road Wheels. SAE Technical Paper Series. doi: https://doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-1178
  11. Zaremba, A., Davis, R. I. (1995). Dynamic analysis and stability of a power assist steering system. Proceedings of 1995 American Control Conference - ACC’95. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.1995.532736
  12. Jang, B., Kim, J. H., Yang, S. M. (2016). Application of rack type motor driven power steering control system for heavy vehicles. International Journal of Automotive Technology, 17 (3), 409–414. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-016-0042-9

Downloads

Published

2021-06-10

How to Cite

Nazaruddin, N., Sumarsono, D. A., Adhitya, M., Heryana, G., Siregar, R., Prasetya, S., & Zainuri, F. (2021). Development of alternative steering models for ev bus: a preliminary study on the conversion of hydraulic to electric power steering . Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 3(1 (111), 37–46. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.227329

Issue

Section

Engineering technological systems