Role of boron in formation of secondary radiation defects in silicon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2015.47224Keywords:
silicon, boron-dopant, radiation defects and complexesAbstract
Influence of boron impurities on electron-transport in crystalline silicon is well known because p-Si – basic semiconducting material of the modern microelectronics – usually is obtained by doping with B. It is too important to understand the mechanism interaction of B dopants with radiation defects in silicon to (i) develop effective radiation treatment technologies for electronic devices and integrated circuits, (ii) improve their radiation resistance, and (iii) design effective solid-state radiation sensors and detectors.
Based on authors’ previous works the role of B-impurities in formation of secondary radiation defects in Si crystals is investigated. Dependences of these processes on isochronous annealing temperature (80–600 °C) are studied by using the Hall measurements of temperature-dependencies (100–300 K) of holes’ concentration and mobility in silicon before and after irradiation with 8 MeV electrons at the dose of 5∙1015 cm–2. Two main conclusions are made: boron atoms in silicon crystals (i) serve as extremely active sinks of radiation defects, and (ii) participate in space-charge-screening of the relatively high-conductive inclusions in form of clusters of radiation defects.
References
- Rumyantsev, V. V., Morozov, S. V., Kudryavtsev, K. E., Gavrilenko, V. I., Kozlov, D. V. (2012, November). Features of impurity-photoconductivity relaxation in boron-doped silicon. Semiconductors, Vol. 46, № 11, 1387–1391. doi:10.1134/s1063782612110188
- Gasseller, M., DeNinno, M., Loo, R., Harrison, J. F., Caymax, M., Rogge, S., Tessmer, S. H. (2011, December 14). Single-Electron Capacitance Spectroscopy of Individual Dopants in Silicon. Nano Letters, Vol. 11, № 12, 5208–5212. doi:10.1021/nl2025163
- Poklonskii, N. A., Syaglo, A. I. (1999, April). Electrostatic model of the energy gap between Hubbard bands for boron atoms in silicon. Semiconductors, Vol. 33, № 4, 391–393. doi:10.1134/1.1187700
- Bagraev, N. T., Klyachkin, L. E., Kuzmin, R. V., Malyarenko, A. M., Mashkov, V. A. (2012, March). Infrared luminescence from silicon nanostructures heavily doped with boron. Semiconductors, Vol. 46, № 3, 275–288. doi:10.1134/s1063782612030049
- Hwang, G. S., Goddard, W. A. (2002, July). Diffusion of the Diboron Pair in Silicon. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 89, № 5. Available: http://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.89.055901
- Obodnikov, V. I., Tishkovskii, E. G. (1998, April). Influence of the initial boron doping level on the boron atom distribution arising as a result of heat treatment in silicon implanted with boron ions. Semiconductors, Vol. 32, № 4, 372–374. doi:10.1134/1.1187398
- Feklistov, K. V., Fedina, L. I., Cherkov, A. G. (2010, March). Precipitation of boron in silicon on high-dose implantation. Semiconductors, Vol. 44, № 3, 285–288. doi:10.1134/s1063782610030024
- Feklisova, O. V., Yarykin, N. A., Weber, J. (2013, February). Annealing kinetics of boron-containing centers in electron-irradiated silicon. Semiconductors, Vol. 47, № 2, 228–231.doi:10.1134/s1063782613020085
- Khirunenko, L. I., Pomozov, Y. V., Sosnin, M. G. (2013, February). Optical properties of silicon with a high content of boron. Semiconductors, Vol. 47, № 2, 269–274. doi:10.1134/s1063782613020127
- Yang, D., Wang, P., Yu, X., Que, D. (2013, January). Germanium-doped crystalline silicon: A new substrate for photovoltaic application. Journal of Crystal Growth, Vol. 362, 140–144. doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.11.088
- Tishkovskii, E. G., Obodnikov, V. I., Taskin, A. A., Feklistov, K. V., Seryapin, V. G. (2000, June). Redistribution of phosphorus implanted into silicon doped heavily with boron. Semiconductors, Vol. 34, № 6, 629–633. doi:10.1134/1.1188043
- Fadila, L., Abdelkader, B., Jamaldine, S., Yahia, B., Larbi, Ch., Ana, A. (2011). Density of States in Intrinsic and n/p-Doped Hydrogenated Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon. Journal of Modern Physics, Vol. 02, № 09, 1030–1036. doi:10.4236/jmp.2011.29124
- Kozlov, A. M., Ryl’kov, V. V. (1997, July). Frenkel’-Poole effect for boron impurity in silicon in strong warming electric fields. Semiconductors, Vol. 31, № 7, 658–660.doi:10.1134/1.1187059
- Sobolev, N. A., Loshachenko, A. S., Poloskin, D. S., Shek, E. I. (2013, February). Electrically active centers formed in silicon during the high-temperature diffusion of boron and aluminum. Semiconductors, Vol. 47, № 2, 289–291. doi:10.1134/s106378261302019x
- Yunusov, M. S. (1997, June). Features of radiation-induced defect formation in p-type Si〈B,Pt〉. Semiconductors, Vol. 31, № 6, 618. doi:10.1134/1.1187228
- Yunusov, M. S., Karimov, M., Oksengendler, B. L. (1998, March). On the mechanisms of long-term relaxation of the conductivity in compensated Si〈B,S〉 and Si〈B,Rh〉 as a result of irradiation. Semiconductors, Vol. 32, № 3, 238–240. doi:10.1134/1.1187387
- Smirnova, I. V., Shilova, O. A., Moshnikov, V. A., Gamarts, A. E. (2009, October). Features of simultaneous diffusion of boron and gadolinium in silicon from nanoscale hybrid organic-inorganic films. Semiconductors, Vol. 43, № 10, 1394–1399. doi:10.1134/s1063782609100248
- Aleksandrov, O. V., Kozlovski, V. V. (2008, March). Simulation of near-surface proton-stimulated diffusion of boron in silicon. Semiconductors, Vol. 42, № 3, 257–262. doi:10.1134/s1063782608030020
- Chkhartishvili, L., Pagava, T. (2013). Apparent Hall mobility of charge carriers in silicon with nano-sized “metallic” inclusions. Nano Studies, № 8, 85‑94.
- Kozlovskii, V. V., Kozlov, V. A., Lomasov, V. N. (2000, February). Modification of semiconductors with proton beams. A review. Semiconductors, Vol. 34, № 2, 123–140. doi:10.1134/1.1187921
- Pagava, T. A. (2004, June). A study of recombination centers in irradiated p-Si crystals. Semiconductors, Vol. 38, № 6, 639–643. doi:10.1134/1.1766363
- Pagava, T. A., Basheleishvili, Z. V. (2003, September). Migration energy of vacancies in p-type silicon crystals. Semiconductors, Vol. 37, № 9, 1033–1036. doi:10.1134/1.1610113
- Adey, J., Jones, R., Palmer, D. W., Briddon, P. R., Öberg, S. (2005, April). Theory of boron-vacancy complexes in silicon. Physical Review B, Vol. 71, № 16. Available: http://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.71.165211
- Pagava, T., Chkhartishvili, L. (2013). Quasi-chemical reactions in irradiated silicon. European Chemical Bulletin, Vol. 2, № 10, 785‑793.
- Pagava, T., Chkhartishvili, L., Maisuradze, N. (2006). Concentrations of radiation defects with almost isoenergetical levels in silicon. Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, Vol. 161, № 12, 709–713. doi:10.1080/10420150600966075
- Pagava, T., Chkhartishvili, L. (2009, October). Impurities’ influence on complex defects annealing: divacancies in silicon. Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, Vol. 164, № 10, 639–646. doi:10.1080/10420150903092264
- Pagava, T. A., Chkhartishvili, L. S., Maisuradze, N. I., Kutelia, E. R. (2007). Conversion of divacancies at isochronous annealing of irradiated p‑Si crystals. Ukrainian Journal of Physics, Vol. 52, № 12, 1162–1164.
- Pagava, T. A., Khocholava, D. Z., Maisuradze, N. I., Chkhartishvili, L. S. (2012). Study of recombination and electric properties of p‑Si crystals irradiated with electrons. Ukrainian Journal of Physics, Vol. 57, № 5, 525‑530.
- Kalinushkin, V. P., Buzynin, A. N., Murin, D. I., Yuryev, V. A., Astaf’ev, O. V. (1997, October). Application of elastic mid-infrared light scattering to the investigation of internal gettering in Czochralski-grown silicon. Semiconductors, Vol. 31, № 10, 994–998. doi:10.1134/1.1187034
- Stas’, V. F., Antonova, I. V., Neustroev, E. P., Popov, V. P., Smirnov, L. S. (2000, February). Thermal acceptors in irradiated silicon. Semiconductors, Vol. 34, № 2, 155–160. doi:10.1134/1.1187925
- Kurmaev, E. Z., Shamin, S. N., Galakhov, V. R., Makhnev, A. A., Kirillova, M. M., Kurennykh, T. E., Vykhodets, V. B., Kaschieva, S. (1997, August 11). The influence of high-energy electron irradiation and boron implantation on the oxide thickness in the /Si system. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 9, № 32, 6969–6978. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/9/32/018
- Stefanov, K., Kaschieva, S., Karpuzov, D. (1998, October). Electrical characterization of defects induced by 12 MeV electrons in p—type Si-SiO2 structures. Vacuum, Vol. 51, № 2, 235–237. doi:10.1016/s0042-207x(98)00166-3
- Kaschieva, S., Alexandrova, S. (2001, April). High energy electron irradiation of ion implanted MOS structures with different oxide thickness. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 174, № 3, 324–328. doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(00)00522-x
- Kaschieva, S., Alexandrova, S. (2002, September). Effect of low dose γ-radiation on the annealing temperature of radiation defects in ion implanted MOS structures. Materials Science and Engineering: B, Vol. 95, № 3, 295–298. doi:10.1016/s0921-5107(02)00290-8
- Kaschieva, S., Dmitriev, S. N., Angelov, C. (2003, May). Electron and γ-irradiation of ion implanted MOS structures with different oxide thickness. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 206, 452–456. doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(03)00792-4
- Kaschieva, S., Todorova, Z., Dmitriev, S. N. (2004, November). Radiation defects induced by 20MeV electrons in MOS structures. Vacuum, Vol. 76, № 2-3, 307–310. doi:10.1016/j.vacuum.2004.07.034
- Kaschieva, S., Dmitriev, S. N., Skorupa, W. (2004, March 1). Reduction of the annealing temperature of radiation-induced defects in ion-implanted MOS structures. Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing, Vol. 78, № 4, 607–610. doi:10.1007/s00339-003-2214-5
- Vavilov, V. S., Kiselev, V. F., Mukashev, B. N. (1990). Defects in Silicon and on Its Surfaces. Moscow: Nauka, 211.
- Lugakov, P. F., Lukashevich, T. A. (1984, October 16). Formation and Parameters of Boron-Divacancy Complexes in Irradiated p-Si. Physica Status Solidi (a), Vol. 85, № 2, 441–444. doi:10.1002/pssa.2210850214
- Pagava, T. A., Maisuradze, N. I. (2010, February). Anomalous scattering of electrons in n-Si crystals irradiated with protons. Semiconductors, Vol. 44, № 2, 151–154. doi:10.1134/s1063782610020041
- Pagava, T. A., Maisuradze, N. I., Beridze, M. G. (2011, May). Effect of a high-energy proton-irradiation dose on the electron mobility in n-Si crystals. Semiconductors, Vol. 45, № 5, 572–576. doi:10.1134/s106378261105023x
- Kuchis, E. V. (1990). Galvanomagnetic Effects and Methods of Their Investigation. Moscow: Radio and Communications, 264.
- Aseev, A. L., Fedina, L. I., Höehl, D., Barsch, H. (1994). Clusters of Interstitial Atoms in Silicon and Germanium. Berlin: Akademie, 152.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Levan Chkhartishvili, Temur Pagava, Nodar Maisuradze, Ramaz Esiava, Shorena Dekanosidze, Manana Beridze, Nana Mamisashvili
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The consolidation and conditions for the transfer of copyright (identification of authorship) is carried out in the License Agreement. In particular, the authors reserve the right to the authorship of their manuscript and transfer the first publication of this work to the journal under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY license. At the same time, they have the right to conclude on their own additional agreements concerning the non-exclusive distribution of the work in the form in which it was published by this journal, but provided that the link to the first publication of the article in this journal is preserved.
A license agreement is a document in which the author warrants that he/she owns all copyright for the work (manuscript, article, etc.).
The authors, signing the License Agreement with TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC, have all rights to the further use of their work, provided that they link to our edition in which the work was published.
According to the terms of the License Agreement, the Publisher TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC does not take away your copyrights and receives permission from the authors to use and dissemination of the publication through the world's scientific resources (own electronic resources, scientometric databases, repositories, libraries, etc.).
In the absence of a signed License Agreement or in the absence of this agreement of identifiers allowing to identify the identity of the author, the editors have no right to work with the manuscript.
It is important to remember that there is another type of agreement between authors and publishers – when copyright is transferred from the authors to the publisher. In this case, the authors lose ownership of their work and may not use it in any way.