Development of the system of automatic control of steam boilers at electric power plants during combustion of low quality fuel
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2016.85366Keywords:
steam boiler, thermal power plant, energy saving, energy losses, activator of combustionAbstract
A general principle of energy saving control of a steam boiler at thermal power stations is presented, which implies the formation and subsequent minimization of function of energy losses. This provides the possibility to ensure minimum losses of energy (maximum efficiency) under all basic modes of normal work of equipment. Parameters of the combustion activator are included in functional dependences and initial models of a boiler unit as the object of control, which makes it possible to form reference models of a steam boiler, necessary for solving the problem of energy saving control during the combustion of low quality fuels.
A method for increasing the accuracy of measurement and the control of feeding solid fuel to the furnace of a boiler at thermal power stations is proposed. This makes it possible to regulate fuel consumption more accurately and to have more precise information for determining technical and economic indices of work of the power unit. A new system of automated control of feeding additives, which activate the process of combustion, was proposed. The system of automated control of additives makes it possible to accurately regulate consumption of additives depending on the quality and amount of fuel supplied to the furnace. This provides for the possibility to maximally use the potential of activators of combustion for different grades of solid fuel. The proposed system may be used at thermal power plants that operate on the low quality fuel. The implementation of the proposed solutions will make it possible to increase efficiency of the power units of coal-dust TPP at the combustion of low quality fuels by the magnitude of up to 4 %, as well as to completely eliminate the addition of natural gas.
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